APPENDIX 



SIMPLIFIED PRACTICE RECOMMENDATION, HICKORY HANDLES 



(The grading of handles is based on visual inspection of each handle and on the judgment of the grader. 

 It is not expected that the grader will determine the weight per cubic foot or number of rings per inch 

 for each handle. In case of question, however, one or both of these characters may be measured for 

 conformance with the requirements given in this table for each grade.) 



Grade 



symbol ^ 



Color of wood 



Number of annual 



rings per inch 



of radius 



Weight in pounds 

 per cubic foot ^ 



Admissible 

 blemishes ^ 



Admissible 

 defects 4/ 



AAW 



All white 



Not more than 17 Over 55 (heavy) 



None 



None 



AW 



All white 



Not more than 22 



Over 46 to 55 



(medium) 



Not exceeding 2 

 small streaks or 

 their equivalent 

 in shorter 

 streaks 



None 



AR 



Red or red- 

 and-white 



Not more than 22 



Over 46 to 55 

 (medium) 



Medium streaks None 



BW 



White except 

 for red extend- 

 ing from the 

 eye end not 

 more than 2 

 inches beyond 

 the shoulder, 

 or 3 inches 

 from the grip 

 end, or both. 



Not more than 27 



Over 46 to 55 

 (medium) 



Not exceeding 4 

 medium streaks 

 or their equiv- 

 alent in shorter 

 streaks. 

 Light stain. 



One or 2 bird 

 pecks, or tight, 

 sound knots the 

 sum of whose 

 average diameter 

 does not exceed 

 4 inch in the eye 

 end or first third 

 of the grasp end. 

 Slight dip grain. 



BR 



Red or red- 

 and -white 



Not more than 27 



Over 46 to 55 

 (medium) 



Medium streaks 

 Light stain 



One or 2 bird 

 pecks, or tight 

 sound knots the 

 sum of whose 

 average diameter 

 does not exceed 

 \ inch. Slight 

 dip grain. 



Red or red- 

 and -white 



No requirement 



38 to 46 

 (fair) 



No requirement 



Any or all those 

 listed in footnote 

 4, provided none 

 of them seriously 

 impairs the 

 serviceability of 

 the handle. 



ll Grade marking: If handles are grade marked it is recommended that the grade symbol be impressed 

 in the wood. 



2/ These weights are based on a moisture content not exceeding 12 percent. 



3/ Blemishes include: Small streaks, threadlike discoloration extending not more than 1/3 the length 

 of the handle; medium streaks, discoloration extending more than 1/3 the length of the handle, but not over 

 1/32-inch in width; mismanufacture which does not impair the serviceability; and light stain, slight difference 

 in color which will not seriously impair the appearance of the handle. 



^ Defects include: Knots, bird pecks, splits, holes, decay, stain, cross grain- -deviation of the fibre 

 out of parallel with the axis of the handle in excess of 1 in 20; abrupt dip grain- -deviation of the fibre out of 

 parallel with the axis of the handle in excess of 1/8 the minimum diameter of the handle at the point where the 

 dip grain occurs; slight dip grain- -deviation of the fibre out of parallel with the axis of the handle not in ex- 

 cess of 1/8 of the minimum diameter of the handle at the point where the dip grain occurs; heavy stain- - 

 discoloration of the wood occurring in specks, spots, streaks or patches of varying intensities of color 

 (generally bluish black); and large streaks- -discoloration more than 1/32 inch in width. 



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