RECENT WORK AT BARTON GRANGE FARM, BRADFORD-ON-AVON, 1998-2003 215 
relationship is most clearly demonstrated by the 
cross-sectional drawing Figure 3. On the north 
side, the footing [1024] of wall (1000) and its 
foundation (1023) clearly defines the southern 
extent of pavement (1003) — a contemporaneous or 
later pavement would butt against the wall face — 
while on the south side the lower course of the wall 
(1007) rests directly on the pavement (1008). 
Phase 5. Blocking wall (1028) 
The south elevation immediately prior to 
dismantling comprised three fabrics distinguish- 
able by bond and slight variations in thickness, and 
demarcated by clear and fully ‘closed’ vertical 
joints. The stratigraphically highest was ‘blocking’ 
wall (1028), infilling a 6.80m wide gap in the south 
elevation. Though directly related stratigraphically 
only to pavements (1008) and (1014), though which 
its footing [1027] had cut, the east and west ends of 
wall (1028) were ill-formed and lay against the fully 
quoined reveals of walls (1007) and (1018), 
suggesting they were built against existing 
structures. In the north-east corner of the Stack 
yard, stratigraphically level with the later 
modifications to the West Barn but physically 
unconnected with it, were extensively disturbed 
paved surfaces, hearths and wall foundations 
revealed during site clearance. Materially 
unaffected by the works, and now protected 
beneath a geotextile and sand membrane, these 
were rapidly recorded but not investigated in detail. 
Referred to here generically as (1041), the 
westernmost components were abutted by the 
upper limestone pavement (Phase 6, see below) 
indicating that these deposits pre-date it. No 
stratigraphic relationship with wall 1054, however, 
was established. 
Phase 6. Upper pavement 
Traces of an upper and more massive paved surface 
were revealed in all areas, including the north end 
of Trench A. The upper pavement comprised 
massive blocks of Carboniferous limestone ( 1017, 
1002, 201, 202, 140) resting directly on the lower 
pavement (1003 etc) or on localised spreads of 
_compacted limestone rubble (1034) that sealed a 
localised grey silt clay (1035) revealed only in the 
southern end of trench C. The latter — which sealed 
Phase 2 layer (1036) — contained fragments of 
metamorphic roofing slate and hand-made stock 
brick, suggesting (here) an 18th C date for its 
deposition, or later. Stratigraphically level, but 
physically distant, were the edges of two limestone 
pavements (1044, 1045) revealed at the west end of 
Trench D, and a slab pavement (1057) within the 
outshot walls against the north elevation of the 
West Barn. The former were revealed beyond wall 
(1043), hard against — and abutting -— the 
foundations of the existing building. The 
southernmost, (1044) was curved in plan and 
appeared centred on a blocked door opening in the 
eastern elevation; to the north and 100mm lower 
than it, (1045) was aligned almost normal to the 
existing building. Both were formed of rectangular 
setts —c. 300mm x 100mm x 200mm — rather than 
pitchstones. 
Pavement (1057) was revealed during localised 
re-laying of the rough slab surface between the 
outshot walls (0002) and, as a result, neither its 
lateral extent nor stratigraphic relationship with 
(0002) were identified. It comprised sawn slabs of 
Oolitic limestone, 180mm — 200mm wide x 
500mm long, laid parallel to the axis of the 
building and, apparently, hard against the wall 
face, with an upper surface 250mm below site 
datum. Packed tightly together, but with no 
evidence of a bonding agent, the visible slabs 
formed a rectangular platform approximately 
860mm x 500mm, the interior of which had been 
gauged out to create well-defined 40mm wide lip 
around the edge. The reduced interior was 
intentional and, on the basis of chisel marks, 
executed in situ. The coincidence of the lip with the 
position of the easternmost lean-to wall suggests that 
these are contemporaneous. 
Phase 7. Modern disturbances 
Where absent, the upper pavement (1017 etc.) was 
replaced by a thick deposit of coal clinker/cinders 
(1032, 1033, 1014) that extended in thickness of up 
to 600mm across the entire site. Where juxtaposed — 
for instance at the south end of Trench C — the 
cinders lay against the setts (1017 etc.) within a 
shallow cut into the bedding layers, suggesting that 
the cinders were infilling a void created by removal 
of the setts. The cinders lay against all four 
foundations of the West Barn and extended across 
the entire site area, and formed the lowest layer 
encountered in the French drain excavations 
around the east and north foundations of the West 
Barn and across most of the length of Trenches A 
and B. The cinder deposit was sealed by concrete 
surfaces and cut into by a number of drains, service 
pipes and excavated disturbances. These are not 
further described here. 
