INDEX 
Durrington, 231, 232 
Fenton, Mr, 80 
Ferdinandea cuprea (hoverfly), 271 
ferns, 71; spores, 177 
Ferrara, Andrea, 275 
ferreting, 249 
fétes champétres, 7-8 
fiddles, 6, 11 
Field, David, 68, 72, 81 
field boundaries, 140, 220, 307; post- 
medieval, 223; Celtic, 302 
field maples, 16 
field margins, biodiversity, 95 
field systems, 220, 304, 308; ?prehistoric, 
147; prehistoric, 84; late prehistoric, 
300; Bronze Age, 85; Roman, 220; 
?Romano-British, 147; Romano- 
British, 239, 300; medieval, 106-43; 
medieval/post-medieval, 106—43; Celtic, 
302, see also ridge and furrow 
fields, recovery, 255 
fieldwalking, 307 
Figheldean, 243; Robin Hood’s Ball, 179 
figurines, bronze, 297 
Filipendula ulmaria (Meadowsweet), 231, 
232, 234, 260, 262, 263 
Fille, Thomas, 58 
fireworks, 9 
Firsdown, Thorny Down, 123, 139, 140 
First Terrace river gravels, 107 
First World War see World War I 
fish, 250, 259; paintings, 252-3; sharks, 
249, see also eels 
fishing, 249, 250, 252-3 
Fitchew, Charles, 5 
flakes, flint, 125, 148, 160, 237; Neolithic, 
161, 163, 164, 165; Late Neolithic, 224— 
6; retouched, 222, 226, 238; serrated, 
166, see also flintwork 
Flanders, 35, 43; cloth imports, 46-7; cloth 
marts, 36, 54; cloth trade, 44 
Flandrian, 231, 233; gravels, 228 
flax, 49 
Flay, Walter, 10 
Fletcher, John (1579-1625), 2 
flies, 98, 265-6, 271 
flint cairns, 66 
flint fragments, 152, 154; in pottery, 157 
flint implements, 203 
flint mines, 224, 244, 245 
flint tools: Neolithic, 301; Late Neolithic/ 
Early Bronze Age, 301 
flints: burnt, 125, 151, 160, 165, 166, 169, 
185, 186, 188, 220, 221, 223, 238; chalk, 
125; knapping, 166, 226; nodules, 150, 
151, 160, 180, 183, 224, 234; raw 
materials, 160, 224; scattered, 107, 220, 
307; struck, 160, 238, 244; tabular, 150, 
153, 160; Whitesheet Hill, 160-6 
flintwork, 220, 273, 300, 301; Palaeolithic, 
275; Mesolithic, LOPie 1255592242; 
" Neolithic, 74, 151, 161-6, 180, 183, 185; 
Late Neolithic, 220, Doles 224-6: Late 
Neolithic/Early Bronze Age, 125, 305, 
307; Bronze Age, 308; Early/Middle 
Iron Age, 188; burnt, 160; collections, 
276, 282, 284n; edge gloss, 165-6; 
retouched, 163-4, see also arrowheads; 
axes; blades; cores; flakes, flint; 
hammerstones; knives; scrapers; tools 
flooding, controlled, 255, 257 
floodplains, 72, 140, 211, 219; sediments, 
228-34 
floors, 216; medieval, 304 
flora, 271 
florists’ feasts, 3 
flowers: collecting, 4; wild, 252 
Fluellen, Mores, 60 
Flushing (Netherlands), ships, 53 
flutes, 6 
Fojt, Wanda, 271 
food: 18th century, 9; Neolithic, 186; 
carbonised, 189 
food waste, 185 
foraminifera, fossil, 121 
fords, 93 
fossil shells, in pottery, 121-4, 157 
fossils, 203, 284n; collecting, 4, 275; 
collections, 282; early studies, 25-34 
Foster, Andy, 271 
Foster, Thomas, 57 
foundatiens, 212-15 
Fowler, P, 87n 
Fox, B., 271 
Fox, George (1624-91), 100 
foxes, 271 
France, 3, 276; antiquarians, 199, see also 
Brittany; Calais 
Francis (ship), 45 
Fraunces, Robert, 40, 49 
Fraxinus spp. (ash trees), 137, 232 
Fraxinus excelsior (Ash), 15, 262 
freemasons, 9-10; membership, 10 
French, C. A. I., 68 
French (language): 
works, 3 
Fresell, John, 58 
friezes, 37, 55n 
frogs, 270 
Frome, freemasons, 10 
Frome, River, 37 
Froud, Pat, 271 
fruits, 179 
fulling mills, 11 
Fumaria officinalis (Common Fumitory), 97 
funerary monuments, 146 
funerary rituals, 134 
fungi, 18, 24, 192, 269, 271 
fustian, 47, 49, 50 
Fyfield, 4; Fyfield Down, 82, 83, 84-5 
medical tracts, 2; 
Gage, Robert, 45 
Gale, John, 5 
Gale, Rowena, 176; note on charcoal from 
Whitesheet Down, 174-5 
Galeopsis tetrahit (Common Hemp-nettle), 
260 
Galium spp. (herbs), 179 
Galium aparine (Goose Grass), 97, 260 
Galium uliginosum (Fen Bedstraw), 261 
Galium verum (Lady’s Bedstraw), 179 
Gallinago gallinago (Snipe), 269 
gambling, 10 
game certificates, 10 
Game Laws, 10 
gamekeepers, 10 
Gandy, Ida, 257 
Gansse, Robert, 57, 58 
Garden, Alexander (c.1730-91), 5 
garden engines, 4 
gardening: books, 3; as leisure activity, 3 
gardens, 24, 31-2; nursery, 4; town, 3 
Gardiner, Julie, paper on millennium re- 
investigation of the Corton Long 
Barrow, 63-77 
Garrick, David (1717-79), 2 
Garth, Charles, 9 
Garth, John (d. 1764), 1 
Gastreds, John, 59, 60 
Gastrodes, Mistress, 57 
Gault, 188 
Gay, Robert, 83 
Geake, Helen, 93 
gean see Prunus avium (wild cherry) 
Gent, James, 4 
Gent family, 9 
Gentleman’s Magazine, The, 2, 3,5 
geological maps, 33n 
Geological Society, 26 
geologists, 4; early, 25—34 
geology: Avon Valley, 219, 228-9; 
Bradford-on-Avon, 197; Latton, 107; 
Salisbury Plain, 234; Stonehenge, 308; 
Vale of Pewsey, 257-8; Whitesheet 
315 
Down, 145, see also fossils; 
palaeontology; soils; stratigraphy 
geophysics: Avebury, 237, 301; Blunsdon 
St Andrew, 302; Swindon, 306; 
Whitesheet Hill, 149; Winterbourne 
Bassett stone circle, 198 
George III, King, 9 
George (ship), 57, 58, 59 
German (language), medical tracts, 2 
German traders, 36 
Germany, 138; scientists, 5, see also Ulm 
Geum rivale (Water Avens), 263, 265 
Gibbes family, 9 
Gibbon, Edward (1737-94), 8-9 
Gibson, Edmund (1669-1748), 87n 
Gillam, Beatrice, 271 
Ginkgoaceae (ginkgo trees), 19 
Gisborne, Thomas, 1-2, 5, 8 
Glamorgan, 82, 86 
Glantane (Ireland), 199 
glass, 93; Saxon, 275 
Glasyer, Richard, 35 
glauconite, 157, 188 
glees, 6, 10 
Glendarragh (Isle of Man), 203 
gliding, 249 
globes, 5 
Glomerella miyabeana (fungus), 18 
Glorious Revolution (1688-9), 9 
Gloucester, 284n; florists’ feasts, 3 
Gloucestershire, 5; clothiers, 38n, 43, see 
also Berkeley; Cerney Wick; Ciren- 
cester; Cotswold Community; Dursley; 
Hazleton North; Horcott; Lechlade; 
Neigh Bridge; Preston; Roughground 
Farm; Shorncote; Siddington; Slim- 
bridge; Somerford Keynes; Stroud- 
water; Temple Guiting; Upper Lypiatt; 
Witpit Copse; Worms Farm; Wotton- 
under-Edge 
Glyceria maxima (Reed Sweet-grass), 260, 
262, 263, 268-9 
goat willows, 16, 17 
goats: teeth, 167, see also sheep/goat bones 
Goddard, Ambrose, 9 
Goddard, Edward Hungerford (1854— 
1947), 93, 278, 297; correspondence, 206 
Godwin, Thomas (1587-1643), 102 
gold objects: chains, 46, 49, see also 
jewellery 
Goldsmith, Oliver (1728-74), History of the 
Earth and Animated Nature (1774), 4 
goldsmiths, 11 
Goodlad, John, 56 
Goodwyn, William, 60 
Gordon, Alexander (1841-1931), 101, 102, 
103-4, 104n 
gorse, 266 
gorsedd (bardic ceremony), 85 
Gorsedd Bryn Gwyddon, 86 
GPR (ground penetrating radar), 302 
Graig Lwyd (Wales), 244 
grain, 192; identification, 135; pollen, 137 
Gramineae (grasses), 177, 231 
granite, 85 
Grant, A., 128 
Grantham, John, 45, 55n, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 
grass-heaths, 266; restoration, 255 
grasses, 71, 95, 258, 264; early, 255; pollen, 
1353137,,2311 
grasslands, 137, S658 e285 203; 
environments, 133, 139, 174, 177; snails, 
127, 171, 182, 183, 191-2, 239, 241 
grave cuts, 89-90 
gravel extraction, 107, 108, 301, 304 
gravel quarries, 275, 301 
gravel terraces, 140 
gravels, 111-12, Ds 116, 118, 133, 275; 
Devensian, 137, 228; First Terrace, 107; 
Flandrian, 228; valley, 219 
graveyards see cemeteries 
graylings, 249 
