320 THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY MAGAZINE 
Oxford Archaeology (OA), 107; 
evaluations, 306; watching briefs, 304, 
307 
Oxford Clay, 145 
Oxford University, 278, 282, 289; Museum 
of Natural History, 282, 289 
Oxfordshire: clothiers, 38n, 43; pottery, 
238, see also Abingdon; Ashbury; 
Barrow Hills; Eight Acre Field; 
Eynsham; Pusey; Rollright Stones; 
Uffington; Wallingford; Watkins Farm; 
Wayland’s Smithy; Woodstock; Yarnton 
Oxycera nigricornis (soldier fly), 266, 271 
Oxycera trilineata (soldier fly), 266 
Oxychilus cellarius (mollusc), 127 
oysters, 4 
Paasmarkt, 36 
Pacifastacus leniusculus (American Signal 
Crayfish), 259 
paddocks, 140 
Paine, Thomas (1737-1809), The Rights of 
Man (1791-2), 79 
paintings, 6; collections, 2-3, see also 
watercolours 
palaeoenvironmental materials, Neolithic, 
69-71 
palaeontology, 26; collections, 4, 274, see 
also fossils 
Palmer, Thomas, 58, 60 
palynology, 135, 137-8 
‘Pantheon’ (1821), 6 
Panton, Elizabeth, 295 
Papaver argemone (Prickly Poppy), 98 
Papaver hybridum (Rough-headed Poppy), 
98 
Papaver rhoeas (Common Poppy), 97 
paper hangers, 274 
Papilionaceae (legumes), 231 
Paracymus scutellaris (water beetle), 269 
Parastichtes ypsillon (Dingy Shears), 268 
parish boundaries, 92, 203, 302 
parish registers, 99-100, 102 
parsley, 263 
Parus ater (Coal Tit), 270 
Parus caeruleus (Blue Tit), 270 
Parus montanus (Willow Tit), 269 
Parus palustris (Marsh Tit), 270 
Pask mart, 36, 44 
Passmore, Arthur Dennis (c.1877-1958), 
273-92; biographical notes, 274-8; 
collections, 274, 275, 278, 280, 281-2, 
287-92; critique, 282-3; fieldwork, 274— 
7, 278-9; interests, 273-4; publications, 
286-7; stone circle studies, 197-210; 
and WANHS, 279-81 
Passmore, Hercules (be. 1874), 274 
Passmore, Jane (bc. 1852), 274 
Passmore, Richard Keylock (be. 1850), 274 
Pastinaca sativa (Wild Parsnip), 97 
pasturages, 241, 297, 302 
paths, permissive, 257 
Patyens, Roger, 59 
pavements, limestone, 214, 215, 216-17, 
303 
Pawmer, Thomas, 58 
Payne, Keith, 271 
Payne, Robert, 55n; accounts, 57 
Payne, S., 128 
Paynes, Robert, 57, 58 
Pearce, Mr, 9 
peat, 137, 219, 228, 231, 255, 264 
pebbles, polished, 125 
pedogenesis, 232 
Pedunculate Oak see Quercus robur (English 
oak) 
Pegge, Maud Edith see Cunnington, Maud 
Edith (nee Pegge) (1869-1951) 
Peglar, S. M., 135 
penestones, 37, 44, 55n 
Penn, William (1644-1718), The New 
Witnesses Proved Old Heretics (1672), 100 
Penruddock, Charles, 9 
Penselwood (Somerset), Encie Farm, 192 
Pentecost Fair, 36 
pepper, 47, 49, 50; measures, 62 
Pepys, Samuel (1633-1703), 84, 85 
Perch (fish), 253 
Peremans, John, 60 
perfumes, 12 
Perrett, Thomas, 45 
Persicaria maculosa (Redshank), 137 
Peshwar (India), 276 
Peter (ship), 52, 57, 58, 59, 60 
Petersburg, University of (Russia), 32 
Petrie, Sir (William Matthew) Flinders 
(1853-1942), 280 
petrol, rationing, 277 
Petter, Robert, 37, 39, 47 
Petty, William, Ist Marquis of Lansdowne, 
Lord Shelburne (1737-1805), 5 
Pevsner, Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon 
(1902-83), 207 
Pewsey: Dursden Lane, 257, 258; Jones’s 
Mill, 255-72; Jones’s Mill Mead, 255, 
257, 260, 261, 265; Kepnal, 257; Kepnal 
Drove, 257, 259, 261; Knowle, 258; 
Martinsell, 257, 258; mills, 255-7; 
origin of name, 258; Pains Bridge, 258; 
Sunnyhill Lane, 257, see also Vera Jeans 
Nature Reserve (Pewsey) 
Pewsey Downs, 257, 268 
Pewsey, Vale of, 92, 245, 255; geology, 257-8 
Peyett, Ryse, 53 
pH, 259 
Philadelphia (US), 27, 33 
Philip of Macedon, 280 
Phillips, Laura, 200; paper on the life of A. 
D. Passmore, 273-92 
Phillips, Nathaniel, 6 
Phipps family, 9 
photography, 276; aerial, 236, 239, 262, 280, 
301 
Phragmites australis (Common Reed), 137 
Physa fontinalis (mollusc), 33n 
Phytophthora spp. (fungi), 18 
pianos, 6 
Picea abies (Norway Spruce), 16 
picks, antler, 167, 222, 227 
Picus viridis (Green Woodpecker), 270 
Pieris napi (Green-veined White), 266-8 
pig bones, 180, 185, 187, 226-7, 238, 244; 
Neolithic, 150-1, 153, 154, 167-71; Late 
Neolithic, 222; Middle Bronze Age, 109, 
128, 129, 132; Iron Age, 188 
Piggott, Stuart (1910-96), 146, 184-5, 186, 
207, 280, 281 
pignuts, 171, 178, 179, 265 
pigs, 186; as feasting animal, 228; pannage, 
186; teeth, 132, 169, 226-7 
pilgrim badges, medieval, 293-4 
pilgrimages, 293, 294 
Pinaceae (pines), 19-20 
pine trees, 16, 19, 137, 176, 231, 242 
pineapples, as status symbols, 3 
Pinus spp. (pines), 137, 176, 231 
Pinus nigra (Black Pine), 16 
Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine), 16 
Pinxten mart, 36 
pipelines, 148, 180, 185, 187, 192; gas, 220, 
300; water, 145, 219-48, 303 
Pipizella virens (hoverfly), 271 
pirates, 44, 55n 
pitchstones, 214, 215 
pits, 149; Mesolithic, 71; Neolithic, 66, 107, 
151-4, 166, 185, 219, 301; Late 
Neolithic, 220-3, 226, 227, 244; Late 
Neolithic/Early Bronze Age, 301, 305; 
Beaker, 145, 179-80, 187; ?Bronze Age, 
116-18; Bronze Age, 125; Middle 
Bronze Age, 107, 108, 112-15, 116, 121, 
128, 130, 133, 140; Late Bronze Age, 
107, 140; Late Bronze Age/Early Iron 
Age, 301; Iron Age, 107, 116, 1/8, 140, 
305; Early/Middle Iron Age, 187-8; 
medieval, 307; ?post-medieval, 301; 
post-medieval, 305, 307; modern, 308; 
undated, 305; amorphous, 116; location, 
134-5, see also ditches; postholes 
Pitt Rivers Museum (Oxford), 290 
planetaria, 198 
Planorbis planorbis (mollusc), 33n 
plant remains, 135, 177-9, 192; charred, 
166, see also pollen 
Plantago spp. (plantains), 233 
Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain), 137, 
1775231232. 
Plantago major (Greater Plantain), 231 
Plantago media (Hoary Plantain), 231 
plants: aquatic, 138; carr, 259, 261-3; col- 
lections, 4; fen, 259-61, 263-5; 
germination, 95, 97; imported, 3; propa- 
gation, 3-4; rare, 95; self-pollination, 95, 
97, see also flowers; trees; weeds 
plaques, Late Roman, 296-7 
plaster, Roman, 200, 275 
plates, porcelain, 200 
Plateumaris affinis (leaf beetle), 269 
Platycnemis pennipes (White-legged 
Damselfly), 266 
play-houses, 208 
Pleiosaurus spp. (aquatic reptiles), 275 
Pleistocene, 234 
Plesiosaurus spp. (aquatic reptiles), 275 
ploughing, 95; medieval, 76; archaeological 
damage, 65, 139, 146, 244, 300, 308; 
matches, 5 
ploughs, 4 
plum trees, 17 
Plymouth (Devon), theatres, 7 
Poaceae (grasses), 71, 135 
poetry, 2, 82, 86 
Poets Laureate, 11 
Pollacia saliciperda (fungus), 18 
pollen, 63, 66, 71, 135—8, 139; analyses, 135, 
137, 175-7, 228, 229; Avon Valley, 229- 
33; preservation, 175; samples, 109, 135, 
166, 175-6, 229; sequences, 219, 242-3; 
Whitesheet Hill, 150, 175-7 
Polter, Richard, 57 
Polygonaceae (docks and knotgrasses), 233 
Polygonum aviculare (Knotgrass), 137, 231 
Polyommatus icarus (Common Blue), 268 
Polypodium spp. (fern), 71, 177 
Polypodium interjectum (fern), 23 
Polypodium vulgare (fern), 71 
Pomatias elegans (snail), 171, 239 
Pomoideae (apple/medlar/quince — sub- 
family), 174, 175, 192 
ponds, 139, 257, 258, 262, 266; post- 
medieval, 302; trout, 15 
pondweeds, 138 
Poor Laws, 9 
Pope, Alexander (1688-1744), 2 
poplars, 15, 17, 23, 265; hybrids, 24 
poppies, 97, 98 
Populus spp. (poplars), 17 
Populus x canadensis ‘Regenerata’ (Railway 
Poplar), 15, 23 
Populus x canadensis ‘Serotina’ (Black 
Italian Poplar), 23 
Populus x jacku (Hybrid Balsam Poplar), 17 
Populus nigra (European Black Poplar), 17, 
265 
porters, 53 
Portland (Dorset), fossils, 26 
Portland Stone, 29 
Portugal laurels, 17, 18 
postholes, 151; Neolithic, 154; Middle 
Bronze Age, 111-12, 116, 139; Iron Age, 
305, 306; medieval, 306; post-medieval, 
307; modern, 308; undated, 305, see also 
pits 
potassium hydroxide, 71, 135 
potatoes, 5 
Potentilla erecta (Tormentil), 265 
