214 Messrs. Dorée and Gardner. Ovigin and  [ Dec. 20, 
appear to hold the view that the cholesterol of the bile is formed either in the 
liver cells or in the cells lining the bile passages or both, but the evidence: 
for this is not particularly convincing. That some cholesterol is formed 
somewhere within the liver, and not merely excreted by it, seems to be 
shown by an experiment of Jankau,* performed in Naunyn’s laboratory. 
He injected cholesterol into dogs, and also gave it in their food, and ascer- 
tained that it had been absorbed; but he failed to find any increase of 
cholesterol in the liver tissue or in the bile. The analyses of the liver and 
the bile published by Kausch+ from the same laboratory show no relationship 
between the amount of cholesterol in the gland and in its secretion. 
Thomas, also working under Naunyn’s direction, found that there is no 
relationship between the amount of cholesterol excreted and the kind of food 
taken. When, however, the dog under observation suffered from catarrh of 
the biliary passages, there was a marked increase in the cholesterol of the bile. 
[Goodman,§ on the other hand, in an experiment on a dog with a 
permanent fistula, observed that the quantity of cholesterol found in the 
bile varied considerably with the nature of the diet, but that the amount of 
cholesterol in the food taken was without influence. Thus white of egg and 
calves’ brain were equally efficacious in increasing the output of cholesterol, 
although the brain contains some 2 per cent. of its weight of cholesterol 
and the egg albumin practically none. He found, too, that intravenous 
injection of cholesterol did not increase the output in the bile, the result. 
being in agreement with that of Jankau. Pribram|| also has shown that. 
in the case of rabbits which have been fed with cholesterol for some days: 
and then killed, there is a decided rise in the cholesterol content of the 
blood, which, in consequence, exhibits an increased power of resistance to 
the hemolytic effect-of saponin. |‘ 
From these experiments, and from the fact that cholesterol is alee 
found where cells are disintegrating, Naunyn strongly supports the view that 
cholesterol is produced, not in the liver cells, but from the cells of the 
passages,** and that it is a product of disintegration of their protoplasm. 
More recently, V. Harley and W. Barratt,t} in a series of experiments on the 
* ‘Cholelithiasis,’ transl. by A. E. Garrod, New Syd. Soc., 1896. 
+ Dissertation, Strassburg, 1891. 
t ‘Cholelithiasis, 2bcd. 
§ ‘Hofmeister’s Beitrige,’ vol. 9, p. 91. 
|| ‘ Biochem. Zeit.,’ 1906, vol. 1, p. 413. 
ul The passage widen square awe is added as the paper passes through the press. 
** Cf. also Doyon and Dufort, ‘C. R. Soc. Biologie,’ 1896, vol. 10 (3), p. 487. 
tt “An Experimental Enquiry into the Formation of Gall Stones,” V. Harley and 
W. Barratt, ‘Journ. Physiol.’ vol. 29, p. 341, 1903. 
