MAUL 229 
formed before the eruption, and that the continuation of them below 
was filled up and obliterated by the lava. The slope of the stream 
from the sea to the summit is nine and a half degrees in average in- 
clination. (Part of the view was obscured by clouds, when seen by 
the author.) 
LOE Zips ; ayy, - 
pee: Zi ae I Pirie th 
PART OF SOUTH-SOUTHEAST SIDE OF MAUI. 
The north gorge takes nearly a straight course to the sea. From 
the account of it, given me by Dr. Pickering, it contains evidence of 
recent action in its ropy lavas and cinder cones, like the eastern, 
though less striking ; and they evidently belong to the same eruption. 
If these gorges are the result of the convulsions attending the last 
summit-eruption, as seems most probable, they tell of violence beyond 
conception. The forces ruptured the mountain in two directions, 
opening a deep cut from its top to its very base, and separating a seg- 
ment nearly equal toa fourth of the whole cone. The eastern opening 
was evidently the course of a series of fissures, as its line of small cones 
indicates; and its lavas, therefore, though flowing in part from the 
crater itself, were also ejected along its whole course, or through a 
considerable portion of it. What has become of the material that once 
filled these immense gaps in the mountain? We can only say, that it 
is gone. The valleys left, 2000 feet deep and one to two miles wide, 
extending towards the sea, may well compare with the famous Val- 
del-Bove of Etna. 
Evidences of other eruptions over Hale-a-kala are in many places 
apparent. But the only one of which we have any distinct mention 
58 
