410 PACIFIC OCEAN. 
was not artificial. We were, however, informed by Kirby, a sailor 
taken from Kuria, that the reef of Apamama was elevated precisely 
like that of Apia, to a height of five feet; and this was confirmed by 
Lieutenant Dehaven, who was engaged in the survey of the reef. We 
were told, also, that Kuria and Nanouki were similar in having the 
reef elevated, though to a less extent. It would hence appear that 
the elevations in the group increase to the northwestward. 
Maraki, to the north of Apia, is wooded throughout. We sailed 
around it without landing, and can only say that it has probably been 
uplifted like the islands south. Makin, the northernmost island, pre- 
sented in the distant view no certain evidence of elevation. 
The elevation of the Kingsmills accounts for the long continuity of 
the wooded lines of land, an unusual fact considering the size of the 
islands; and also for the amount of fresh water obtained from springs 
(p. 76). The wear from storms would also be greater on islands 
which have been elevated. 
Rapack, Ratick anp CarouLinE IsLanps.—No evidences of eleva- 
tion in these groups are yet known. The very small amount of 
wooded land on the Pescadores inclines us to suspect rather a subsi- 
dence than an elevation; and the same fact might be gathered respect- 
ing the islands south, from the charts of Kotzebue and Kruesenstern. 
Laprones.—The seventeen islands which constitute this group, 
may all have undergone elevations within a recent period, but owing 
to the absence of coral from the northern, we have evidence only with 
regard to the more southern islands. 
Guam, according to Quoy and Gaymard, has coral rock upon its 
hills more than six hundred feet (one hundred toises) above the sea. 
Rota, the next island north, afforded these authors similar facts, 
indicating the same amount of elevation. 
PELEWS AND NEIGHBOURING IsLANDs.—The island Fes, three hun- 
dred miles southwest of Guam, is stated by Darwin, on the authority 
of Lutke, to be of coral, and ninety feet high. Mackenzie Island, 
seventy-five miles south of Feis, is a low atoll, as ascertained by the 
Expedition. No evidences of elevation are known to occur at the 
Pelews. 
MELANESIAN IsLanDS.—Among the New Hebrides, New Caledonia, 
and Salomon Islands, the evidences of elevation have not yet been 
examined. 
The details on the preceding pages are presented on the chart of 
the Pacific, in this volume, and also in a tabular form on the next page. 
