478 NEW SOUTH WALES. 
places for examining the coal series of Illawarra, are the Bulli Cliffs, 
and the sides of the road running west from Wollongong, near the foot 
of Mount Keerah, one of the principal peaks in the Illawarra range. 
In the Bulli coal cliffs, as shown on the map of New South Wales, 
the three southernmost contain near the middle a horizontal black 
stripe, which is the coal layer; and farther north, there are two such 
stripes, one just at the water’s edge. ‘The coal extends about eight 
miles beyond Bulli to the northward. 
At the second of these cliffs I took down the following section, 
which differs but little in its general characters from those at New- 
castle. 
20 feet.—Fine sandstone; mostly white or gray, but in some parts having a reddish 
tinge. 
114 feet.—Coat. 
23 feet, black coaly shale. 
1 inch, clay. 
3 feet black coaly shale. 
4 inches clay. 
2 feet black coaly shale. 
6 inches clay. 
14% feet, coaly shale. 
13 feet pure bituminous coal, 
3 feet.—Grayish clay ; soft and crumbling when dry. 
1 foot.—Areillaceous shale. 
2 feet.—Soft clay. 
1 foot.—Argillaceous shale. 
5 feet.—Grayish clay, as above. 
6 feet.—Schistose sandstone, stained red and brownish-red with iron; fine and somewhat 
friable. 
10 feet.—Hard compact sandstone, extending to water level. 
On the second cliff beyond, the second or lower layer of coal lies 
below the section just given, and is separated from the upper bed by 
about twenty-five feet of clay, argillaceous shale, and sandstone. 
The clay in these deposits is very soft, and kneads readily when 
moistened; it is neither more compact nor more schistose than 
ordinary clay. Vegetable impressions occur through a great portion 
of it, though less abundant than at Newcastle. The coal from the 
lower part of the section is quite pure and burns well. It crumbles 
on exposure to the weather. It is much intersected by thin seams of 
charcoal, which make the coal dirty to the hands, as well as fragile. 
The coal formation continues south on the coast to Point Tow- 
rudgi, two and a half miles north of Wollongong, where coal fossils 
