BAS A race ANID TACLALA EDN RO CK S. A95 
whether the same characterize the coal beds of New Zealand, Chatham 
Island, Borneo, Labuan, Luzon, and other East India localities. 
Morris concludes from the facts that the Flora of the southern hemi- 
sphere differed from that of the northern at the ‘“carboniferous period.” 
M’Coy infers that the coal beds are of the Oolitic epoch, and the sand- 
stone below, of the lower carboniferous. Rev. W. B. Clarke ranks 
all with the Devonian or lower carboniferous. 
The opinion of Mr. Morris we believe to be most nearly correct. 
The fossil fish described indicates, according to Agassiz, the upper 
carboniferous era, or a transition to the Permian; and this age appears 
to accord best with the observed facts. This is confirmed by the re- 
semblance of the Noeggerathia to species found by Tchihatcheff in 
Siberia, in rocks corresponding probably “au todtliegende des Alle- 
mands,” lying above the coal and immediately succeeding it.* 
While the coal plants point to the upper carboniferous, or still higher, 
the fossils below the coal seem to correspond most perfectly with the 
lower carboniferous epoch. Yet the conformity and continuity of the 
series of beds, (including the sandstones below the coal, and the coal 
layers,) observable in various places, the frequent occurrence of coni- 
ferous logs, like those of the coal beds, in the fossiliferous sandstones at 
different localities, together with the characters of the fossil fish, 
leave little doubt that the whole is of one prolonged age, referable to 
the upper carboniferous, or partly the lower Permian era. 
Vo BAGS A 1 © AGN Dp ATi ED ROCKS: 
Basaltic ridges appear here and there over most parts of New South 
Wales, isolated in the sandstone, or associated in ranges. But these 
ridges increase in number as we pass the Hunter on the north, or 
reach the Blue Mountains on the west, or Argyle on the south. In 
the Liverpool range some peaks exceed four thousand five hundred 
feet in height; others in the Blue range are between three and four 
* L’Altai Oriental, p. 378. 
+ For other facts, see Rev. W. B. Clarke, loc. cit. p. 61. 
{ The existence of older fossils in Australia, both animal and vegetable, is well known. 
The Lepidodendra and associated fossils alluded to in a note on page 494, are of this 
character. ‘Trilobites, according to the Rev. W. B. Clarke, are found on the Paterson, 
also at Yarralumla and Yass Plains, and at Burragood, north of Port Stephens. Cyatho- 
phylla, species of Orthis, and other old fossils, occur in the same regions and elsewhere. 
—W. B. Clarke, Jour. Geol. Soc., loc. cit. p. 63. 
