576 CHILI. 
dence in their similar lithological character ; this, however, is of little 
value. Better than this, we see direct proof in some of the facts illus- 
trated by the preceding figures. Thus, in figure 15, A and B are 
parallel veins, as already mentioned, and are nearly parallel in their 
faultings, a fact which proves them to have been cotemporaneous in 
their faults. Yet in figure B, the interval between two faults (m 7) 
is filled by an oblique seam, consisting of the same granite as the 
faulted vein, and evidently of simultaneous origin. We are compelled 
by this fact to admit that the fault took place before the injection, or 
at least before the fused material of the vein had cooled, and we are 
also required to conclude that the faults in figure A were of the same 
period. In figure 14, there is an instance of an oblique seam (m 7) 
connecting two separated parts of a faulted vein, and the granite of the 
seam, as in the above case, cannot be distinguished from that of the 
vein; showing again that the faulting and the fracturing of the rock 
by which the vein was produced, were cotemporancous results. 
The complete coalescence of the two large veins in figure 6, at their 
intersection, appears to prove that they were filled at the same time. 
In figure 8, one intersects the other; but such a result may proceed 
from only a small difference in the time of filling. Figure 7 is wholly 
inexplicable on the supposition that the veins were not simultaneous 
in origin. 
These facts, in connexion with the great similarity in the texture 
of the veins themselves, are reasons for believing that when the rock 
was fractured, there were displacements also ; and soon afterwards the 
filling with granite took place. Such an amount of fracturing could 
not have taken place without much faulting. 
The cotemporaneity of the veins and their faultings presents an 
argument against the segregation theory as regards these veins. 
For this theory would require us to suppose that faults of the differ- 
ent kinds explained may be a result of segregation. Crystallization 
when going on exerts an inductive influence around; but no facts 
authorize us in assuming that these faultings can be thus explained. 
It is probable, also, that the epidotic seams either belong to the 
same epoch with the granitic veins, or are of subsequent formation. 
The walls of some of the granite veins are epidotic, and in these cases 
we must believe that the epidote could not have been subsequently 
ejected. 
The lines of faults are the courses of epidotic seams; and if the 
faults are cotemporaneous with the opening of the veins, as many 
