662 OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA. 
level of the stream at low water. The creek is about ten yards 
wide. 
The following day we travelled fourteen miles across a flat plain, 
the lower of the Willammet, and then ascended fifty or sixty feet to 
an undulating plain, having a dry pebbly surface, and producing 
only ferns. After travelling three miles, we descended again to the 
lower prairie. 
Elk River is a small stream, twenty yards wide and a foot deep 
where forded. I observed at this place no distinct terrace. 
The north fork of the Umpqua is a large river, eighty yards wide, 
running over a rocky bed. The north bank was twenty-five feet high. 
Fig. 2. 
z —_ 
SECTION SHOWING THE TERRACES ON THE UMPQUA. 
The opposite was but fifteen feet; but there was a rise of eight feet 
at N, (fig. 2,) at which level there was a plain fifty yards wide, and 
then a rise of fifteen feet (M) to the upper prairie. A corresponding 
terrace was noticed the two days following in several places on the 
south fork, a turbulent stream resembling the north fork. In one place 
for half a mile the terrace continued uninterrupted; the lower plain 
was generally about three hundred yards wide, and the river banks 
eighteen feet high. The river in this part was a quiet stream flowing 
over an alluvial bottom; and the terrace was alike on both shores. 
The Shasty River was forded about forty-five miles from the coast, 
where it is a fine stream, about a hundred yards wide, and two to four 
Fig. 3. 
cas N A 
Fig. 4. 
N 
! 
SECTIONS ILLUSTRATING THE TERRACES ON THE SHASTY. 
feet in depth, with banks of twelve to eighteen feet. At one place 
(figure 4) on the north side, there was a terrace twenty feet in height, 
