FOSSILS OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 709 
together. The character of the articulation is represented in fig. 9 a, plate 10. From 
this structure and the fragility of the shells, we are led to infer that they were probably 
internal instead of external; and the articulation enabled the animal to accommodate the 
shell, by means of muscular action, to the motions of the body, or of its internal parts. 
These observations are rendered more certain by the discovery by Mr. James Hall, of 
Conulariz in the New York rocks which have transverse septa in the smaller extremity 
of the shell.* This fact has led him to arrange them with the Cephalopoda, where we 
believe they properly belong. The thin delicate shell in the Cephalopod genus, Conoteu- 
this, (Blainville,) has analogous septa within the alveolar extremity ; and, moreover, it 
was evidently internal, (as in the Ommastrephes,) and therefore corresponds with the 
view taken of the Conularia. The shell of the Conularia is peculiar in being jointed ; but 
this structure adapts it the better for internal functions. The transitions to the unjointed 
Thecz corroborate the opinion here expressed. 
In the Conularize the plates are transversely plicate, and the parallel ridges form an 
obtuse angle at middle, which is pointed away from the apex of the shell. They are 
consequently often broken longitudinally along the medial line, ‘These minute ridges 
are sometimes quite smooth, and in other cases are dotted, or crenulate, or otherwise 
marked. 
The characters distinguishing species are best derived from the nearness of the plica- 
tions and their markings; the comparative breadth of adjoining plates; and the angle 
of divergence of the pyramid. ‘The form varies much, as we have stated. The angle of 
divergence often differs also in different parts of an individual, it being less towards the 
base than towards the summit. 
This genus has been recently made the subject of study by Hrn. Dr. Guido Sandberger, 
of Wiesbaden.t He adopts the generic character drawn up by Koninck :{ “Testa recta, 
elongata, pyramidata, tenuissima, quadrilatera, transversim plicata; angulis longitudi- 
naliter sulcatis.” The real character of the angles is not here brought out, and the fol- 
lowing is offered as more correct in this point :— Testa (interna) elongate letragono-pyra- 
midata, tenuissima: lateribus inter sese articulatis (aut subarticulatis) transversim 
tenuiter plicatts. 
84, ConuLariA InoRNATA (Dana).—Large, adjoining sides very unequal, smaller 
2 the breadth of larger. Plicze remote, (ten to half an inch,) naked, smooth [?] ; angle 
of convergence 12°, Plate 10, fig. 8, natural size. 
Glendon. 
This fine species in its inornate plications, size and proportional dimensions of the sides, 
approaches most nearly the C. arregularis of de Koninck, (Carb. Foss, Belg., p. 496, 
pl. 45, fig. 2.) But the plications are still more distant, although they are more remote 
than usual in that species; there are in the Glendon specimen ten plications in the 
same space that contains twelve in the zrregw/arts. ‘The specimen, which is but a portion 
of a perfect individual, is very nearly 3 inches long, and has the breadth of the sides at 
the smaller extremity 4 and ,%5 of an inch; at the larger extremity ;% and 1,2, of an inch. 
It has the rusted appearance that belongs to the Glendon specimens, and it is impossible 
* Paleontology of New York, i. 222, pl. 59, fig. 4 c, d, e. 
t Leonhard und Bronn’s Neues Jahrbuch, 1847, p. 8. 
} Anim. Foss. Belg., 1842, p. 494. 
178 
