INDEX. 
Caroline Islands, evidences of subsidence 
among, 400, 401. 
Cascade range of mountains, in Oregon, 
614, 
Caverns in Australia, 536. 
in elevated coral islands, 67. 
on Hawaii, 160, 161, 175. 
on Kauai, 271. 
on Oahu, 239, 253. 
on Upolu, 323. 
Cementation of coral sand, 44, 153. 
of pebbles, on Oahu, 44, 254, 
Chagos Bank, 67, 133. 
Chalcedony, formed from the geysers of 
New Zealand, 447. 
at Nassau Bay, 604. 
origin of, 606. 
in Australia, 461, 513. 
in Oregon, 620. 
* Chalk, of coral origin, Oahu, 150, 252, 732. 
Chalybeate spring, in the Shasty Moun- 
tains, 643. 
Chamisso, depth of water at the Marshall 
Islands, 63. 
Charlotte’s Island, 409. ; 
Chase and Parker, on Kilauea, in 1838, 187. 
Chevalier, E., height of Mount Loa, 156. 
Chert or baked clay of Nobby, 511, 733. 
Chili, observations on, 557. 
basaltic and porphyritic rocks of, 579. 
coal of, 585. 
copper mines of, 584. 
granitic rocks of, 561. 
ibid, veins in, 565. 
silicified wood in, 584. 
stratified rocks in, 583, 
China, absence of corals from coast of, 144. 
Chloritic rock, in Northern California, 633. 
Chondrodite, elements of, in coral rocks, 152. 
Christmas Island, 56, 405. 
Chrysolite, observations on the origin of, 377. 
in the lavas of Nanawale, 192. 
on Madeira, 550. 
on Kauai, 268. 
on Oahu, 244, 246. 
on Tahiti, 298, 
Cinder cones, characters of, 354. 
185 
737 
Cinder eruptions, absent from Kilauea, 198. 
origin of, 358, ° 
Clarke, W.B., fossils of Australia, 488, 494, 
account of Lafu, 140. 
Clasteria australis, 719. 
Cleobis, 695, 698. 
Clermont Tonnerre, elevation of, 403. 
Climate of New South Wales, observation 
on the cause of the dryness of, 455. 
of windward and leeward shores, in 
the Pacific, 27, 166, 227, 338. 
Clinker fields of Hawaii, 162, 165. 
formation of, 187. 
Clinkstone of Maui, 231, 733. 
of Mount Loa, 208. 
of Mount Kea, 214. 
of Oahu, 288, 250, 733. 
Coal formation, in Australia, 469. 
origin and history of, 518. 
age of, 493, 733. 
rocks of Nobby, baked by heat 
of a dike, 511. 
Coal of Oregon, 658, 
of Australia, analysis of, 476. 
of Chili, 585. 
on Luzon, 544, 
on New Zealand, 489. 
Coan, T., eruption of Kilauea in 1840, 188, 
189. 
Kilauea since 1840, 198. 
on an elevated rim formed around the 
great lake of Kilauea, 178. 
eruption of Mount Loa, at summit, in 
1843, 209. 
floods in Hawaiian streams, 389. 
Cocoanut, uses of, on coral islands, 76. 
Columnar rocks, Feejees, 348. 
near Hilo, Hawaii, 215. 
on Illawarra, 496. 
on Kauai, 268, 272. 
on Oahu, 239. 
on Tahiti, 297. 
on Tutuila, 311, 
on Upolu, 316. 
curved, in New South Wales, 508. 
Columnar structure of basalt, facts respect- 
ing the origin of, 509. 
