INDEX. 
Salt on San Lorenzo, 598. 
in Oregon, 628. 
salt lake, Oahu, 245. 
Samoan Islands, general remarks on, 307. 
Manua, Ofu, Olosenga, Tutuila, 
309. 
Upolu, 312. 
Manono, Apolima, Savaii, 333. 
harbour of Apia, 115. 
harbour of Falifa, 117. 
soundings near, 99. 
on reefs of, 138. 
evidence of subsidence at, 398. 
no evidences of elevation among, 
A407. 
conclusions respecting, 335. 
Samoite, a new mineral, 732. 
San Francisco, bay of, 613. 
San Lorenzo, secondary rocks of, 598, 
fossils of, 721. 
shells at elevations on, 590. 
Sand of sea-bottom, rippled by waves in 
deep water, 105, 
to a great extent, of sea-shore forma- 
tion, 108, 149. 
Sandstone, ancient, of Oregon and Califor- 
nia, 638. 
tertiary, of Oregon, 652, 
of New South Wales, 456, 470, 485. 
Sandstone dikes, in Oregon tertiary, 654. 
Santiago, Chili, 558. 
Sandwich Islands, see Hawaiian. 
Savage Island, 406. 
Savaii, features of, 308, 333. 
Savu-savu hot springs, 343. 
Schomburgh, R. H., sand-hills of Anegada, 
64, 
Scoria of Kilauea, 175, 199, 376. 
not covering walls of Kilauea, or the 
pit craters of Mount Loa, 224. 
Sea on Columbia bar, 524. 
action of, producing inclined layers of 
deposition, 523, 
action of, in producing valleys, 381, 
action of, on islands before the exis- 
tence of reefs, 350, 414. 
action of, on coral islands, 109. 
7ol 
Sea, action of, on rocks, in Feejees, 350. 
action of, on coasts of New South 
Wales, 109, 532. 
action of, on New Zealand coasts, 109, 
442, 
action of, on bluff, near Rio Negro, 
608. 
sands of shores of, 108, 149. 
Sea-beach, at the mouth of Rio Negro, 
606. 
coral rocks of, 39, 48, 45, 64, 
148, 253. 
Sea-bottom disturbed by waves at great 
depths, 105. 
Sea-shores, triturating action of sands of, 
108, 149, 525. 
Sea-shore platform of coral islands, 109. 
of New South Wales, 109, 
582. 
of New Zealand, 109, 442. 
Sea-water, gypsum deposited from, 91, 589. 
Sediment, various characters of, in chan- 
nels among reefs, 42, 
Seleniferous sulphur, 203. 
Serpentine in Northern California, 634. 
relation of, to other rocks, 630, 636. 
Shale, tertiary, of Oregon, 652. 
Shells, at the top of the Callao cliff, 590. 
Shells, fossil, see Fossz/. 
worn out by trituration on a beach, 
and often rare in beach formations, 
46, 108, 149, 525. 
Shepherd, on Kilauea in 1839, 188, 
Siau, action of waves on sea-bottom, 105. 
Siliceous concretions in soil, near Para- 
matta, New South Wales, 516. 
see farther, Concretions. 
depositions, New Zealand, 447, 448. 
incrustations, from decomposing lavas, 
Kilauea, 181, 201. 
Silicified wood, Australia, 484, 491. 
in Oregon and California, 658, 
669. 
in Chili, 584, 
on Luzon, 542, 
Silliman, B., Jr., analysis of coral chalk, 
150. 
