INDEX. 755 
Volcanic action, C. Prevost on, 372. 
source and mode of, 366, 367. 
cinders, not forming cones at Kilauea, 
193, 194, 358. 
source of, and height of ejections 
of, at some volcanoes, 194. 
not forming the summit of Mount 
Loa, 216. 
conduits possibly closed below, 220. 
cones, of cinders, characters of, 354. 
of tufa, characters of, 355. 
of lava, characters of, 356. 
formation of, 222, 260, 366, 367. 
slopes of, 169, 354, 355, 356, 
angle of descent of flowing lavas 
of, 210. 
effects of fluidity of lavas on forms 
of, 358. 
other causes of forms of, 3860, 
367. 
not always centres of eruption, 
214, 
elevation theory of von Buch, con- 
sidered, 369, 370. 
on solid feldspathic centres of, 
203, 204, 364, 368, 373. 
Volcanic eruptions of the summit of Mount 
Loa, 208. 
quietness of, 195, 210, 216. 
of Kilauea, see Avlauea. 
of Hualalai, 215. 
Volcanic forces, isolation of lines of, 198, 
218, 368, 
a cause of valleys, 380. 
Volcanic glass, capillary, of Kilauea, ana- 
lysis of, 199, 200. 
regions, dislocations in, rare, 361. 
rocks, see Rocks. 
sand-hills, Nanawale, 190. 
salts, Kilauea, 201. 
scoria, absence of, from fissure erup- 
tions, 200. 
origin of pumice, 201. 
ferruginous stalactites, 201. 
theory of lagoon islands, 1238, 124, 
Volcanoes, general considerations on, 198, 
216, 353. 
Volcanoes, ebullition in craters of, produc- 
ing a distribution of material, 203, 
375. 
not safety-valves, 221. 
closing without leaving a crater, 215. 
cause and length of periods of qui- 
escence, 198, 367. 
cause of nearness to the sea, 429. 
in the Pacific, number of active, 25, 
Volcano, of the Sacramento, extinct, 649. 
of Deception Island, 547. 
of Savaii, 333. 
of Mount Loa, 168, 206. 
of Kilauea, see Azlauea. 
Voleanoes of New Zealand, 438, 442, 
447, 
of Australia, 453. 
of Oregon, 640. 
of the Philippines, 539, 541. 
of the Sooloo Group, 544. 
extinct, of Upolu, 318, 317, 325. 
of Maui, 227, 
of Koloa, Kauai, 271. 
Wallis’s Island, 128. 
Warm spring, at Kailua, Hawai, 215. 
in Feejees, on Vanua_ Lebu, 
343. 
on Luzon, 548. 
in New Zealand, 445, 447. 
Washington Island, 56, 70, 405. 
Wateoo, 404. 
Water, degradation from running, 384, 
386. 
force of, 386, 388. 
agency of, in forming valleys in 
Australia, 528. 
Water, fresh, on coral islands, 76. 
Waterland, 61. 
Waves, action of, on sea-bottom, 105. 
action of, on coasts, 109, 110, 442, 
532, 
force of, on coasts, 106, 112. 
Whittle, J. S., on Deception Island, 547. 
Whytuhu, 71. 
Willammet district, 619. 
Williams, elevation of Mangaia, 404. 
