CONCLUSIONS. 57 
trees. These smaller trees should be removed only when no damage 
to the forest will result. 
(3) Stumps shall not be cut higher than 15 inches, if the butts are 
sound. 
(4) Ties shall be cut from pine tops, pocosoncypress, and hardwoods, 
not from pole pine. 
(5) Hardwoods shall be used for track corduroy instead of young 
pine, so far as possible. If the use of young pine is unavoidable, 
they shall be cut, not among scattered trees, but from dense thickets, 
in the form of thinnings. 
(6) Culls, tops of felled trees, and hardwoods shall be used for fire- 
wood: no young pine shall be cut for this purpose. 
(7) In felling great care shall be exercised not to injure trees left 
standing for a second crop. 
(8) In skidding logs all possible care shall be exer aed not to injure 
standing trees. 
(9) Tops which fall close to standing trees shall be lopped close to 
the ground to a distance from the trees which, in the judgment of the 
_ forester, will avoid danger from slash fires. At first this distance 
should be 15 feet. It may subsequently be reduced or lengthened as 
experience dictates. 
(10) Hardwoods should be removed wherever possible. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
This working plan shows plainly that conservative treatment of the 
timberlands of the E. P. Burton Lumber Company is practical— 
(1) Because conservative treatment will greatly increase the yield 
of timber on the tract; and 
(2) Because it will make a permanent investment out of what is at 
present a temporary one. 
By increasing the holdings a sustained annual yield may be obtained 
so that the mill will be supplied with timber for all time and the forest 
be as valuable at any time as it is at present. 
In order to secure the above results, fire must be kept out, young 
trees protected where lumbering is going on, and no trees cut which 
have not reached a diameter of 14 inches. Loblolly pine, being a tree 
of very rapid growth and being well suited to the locality, should be 
favored as much as possible, that its range may be extended. This 
tree should, so far as possible, replace the cypress and hardwoods, 
since cypress is too slow growing to be profitable, and the hardwoods 
are not now and will not be for a long time of much commercial 
value. 
