LUMBERING. 29 
TaBLeE [X.—Comparison of total yield from holdings by two-thirds and Doyle rules. 
‘ Loblolly pine. Longleaf pine. Cypress. Excess by 
Name of holding.| ,— 44:.4. ay 7 ee sO ee eae aS Lad 
haath er ag Doyle rule. phir aap Doyle rule. gh Doyle rule. a 
Ed. ft. Bad. ft. Bad. ft. Bisfia | Ba: -ft: Bd. ft. Bd, ft. 
Hell Hole: 4-3: 108, 273, 069 | 87,784, 270 9, 271, 396 6, 227, 870 | 42,016,738 | 32,293,301 | 33, 255,762 
Chapel Hill...... 19, 710, 259 | 16,524,720 | 4,603,999 | 2,721,189 | 4,505,269 | 3,004,187 6,569, 43 
Bates.........-..| 17,066,706 | 14,177,384 | 7,163,730 | 4,270,484 | 4,757,910 | 3,593,342 | 6,947,136 
Bayer. so. | 3,028,703 | 2,466,156 3,063,475 1, 869,551 543,151 | 342,924 1,956,698 
McCabe & Inab- 
2S 5 ee, Sees 14, 537, 394 | 11,673,604 | 3,471,794 | 2,235,991 | 3,024,402 | 2,360,200 4,763,795 
Hilily-t& 36 502.0-2 2s 5, 467, 486 4,558, 413 2, 780, 048 1, 820, 777 627, 00U 452, 152 2,043, 192 
HishProok . 5-2 =... 4,405,274 | 3,729,679 671, 517 399, 524 449, 144 346. 766 1, 049, 966 
WiINGSOrs2222222 2,433,504 | 2,123,614 368, 179 253, 286 175, 120 122, 687 477, 216 
Peter Murphy...| 5,418,077 | 4,445,166 | 1,760,025 | 1,137,241 | 1,451,323 | 1,192,418 | 1,854,600 
Silkhope, East al 3,759,977 | 3,145, 451 3, 963,021 | 2,708,708 88, 560 68, 387 1, 889, 012 
Silkhope, West..| 4,016, 586 3.354, 484 556, 276 | oii ibe (ll |e See RCE ele 823, 951 
iimencke=: 53... | -4,599,372 | 3, 258, 258 7,309, 085 | 5,102,772 93, 943 87,947 | 3,593,423 
ROG Pers). —, =. .2% | 1, 195, 460 993, 555 616, 156 487, 932 817, 739 773, 950 373,918 
TOLaitrss5-< 193, 911, 867 158, 234, 754 | 45,598,711 29,629,752 | 58,550,299 | 44,638,261 | 65,558,110 
| | | 
LUMBERING. 
When lumbering operations began under the present owners, the 
only lands on which lumbering had been done were those bearing a 
considerable stand of longleaf pine. These lands were cut over from 
ten to fifteen years ago, when, owing to the low stumpage prices and 
the high cost of transporting logs, only the sound and largest trees 
were removed. As a consequence a good stand of thrifty young trees 
remains on some of the longleaf pine lands. The bulk of these old 
cut-over lands, however, have, as a result of this first lumbering and 
the fires that followed it, a very open stand of longleaf. Since the 
present owners have commenced operations on the tract cutting has 
been mainly confined to the loblolly pine lands, which were in virgin 
forest. These lands are now being cut over at the rate of about 
20,000,000 board feet per year to supply the company’s mill, and it is 
the intention of the owners to continue cutting at this rate until the 
lands are all logged over. 
Under present methods lumbering is very close and there is little 
waste. Practically all pine down to 12 inches in diameter breasthigh 
is removed, and trees smaller than this are often taken. With the 
exception of yellow poplar, no hardwoods are cut. Since nearly all 
lands support at least a sparse growth of hardwoods, cut-over areas 
have a very open growth of hardwoods, with pine scattered through 
them. 
Lumbering is now done almost entirely by railroad and steam 
skidders. Spurs are run out from the main tramway at intervals of 
about one-fourth of a mile, and skidders snake the logs from the 
stump to the track and load them on the ears. Timber carts are some- 
times used when logs from a small area of timber, out of reach of a 
spur, can be more economically got out thus than by building new track. 
Owing to the flatness of the country, very little grading has to be 
