14 FRUIT GROWING FOR HOME USE IN THE GREAT PLAINS. 
plements that have been found most satisfactory in any given section 
may also be used in cultivating the fruit plantation, with a single 
exception. In plowing the anal and in the use of other imp 
ments of tillage, care must be taken not to work the soil so deep that 
the roots are injured. If the trees are set deep when they are planted, 
there will be little danger in this respect. A well-cultivated apple 
orchard located near Plainview, Tex., is shown in figure 2. The 
surface has been maintained in good condition for conserving moisture. 
The maintenance of soil fertility by frequently renewing the supply 
of humus is essential to continued success. \ Nothing is better for this 
than stable or barnyard manure. The turning under of some green- 

Fic. 2.— Apple orchard six years old grown without irrigation at Plainview, Tex. The tops are rather too 
dense, but formed at a desirable height from the ground. <A good soil mulch has been maintained. 
manure crop, however, makes an efficient substitute. A good supply 
of humus is also of the greatest importance in connection with the 
supply of moisture and its conservation. 
IRRIGATION. 
The possibility has been mentioned of resorting to irrigation in 
order to tide over the trees or other fruit-producing plants in times 
of severe drought. Figure 3 shows a small earth reservoir used for 
retaining a supply of water for this purpose. There are many of 
them in this region. One may be constructed on almost any ranch 
and in most yards where there is a good well of water and a windmill. 
[Cir. 51] : 
