Mar©h 26, 1885.] 



FOREST AND STREAM, 



173 



further information to our correspondent's questions. The A.. 0. A. 

 are now actively at work collecting; such inforuiati€>n as is asked for 

 above, aDd we hope our correspondent will join, if he is not a mem- 

 ber, and add his share.] 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



IT should be a special duty of club officers to see that canoeists pro- 

 posing to join the Association should forward their names to the 

 secretary as early as possible. 



First— In order' that their names may appear In the A. C. A. Book of 

 1885. 



Second— That they may have the benefit of the record of cruises and 

 references about to be distributed to the members of the Association. 



Third— That an Association number may be assigned to them, as 

 such number mast appear on the sail of every canoe contesting in 

 races at the annual meet, and members waiting until tbe last moment 

 may experience considerable, trouble in marking the sail properly. 



Prompt action 'will simplify much the work of the Association 

 officers. ' Robert Shaw Oliver, Com. A. C. A, 



Albany, N, Y„ March 30, 1885. 



CANOE PILOTAGE. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



Mr. Wilkin's scheme in regard to canoe pilotage seems to bo a 

 good one, and will undoubtedly receive the warm support of canoeists 

 everywhere. Let us elect a pilot at the next meet, and he car ap- 

 point district pilots wherever he deems necessary, alloting to them 

 certain territory. Any canoeist can write to the pilot for informa- 

 tion, and the communication be turned over to the district pilot in 

 whose territory the waters may be. In this way we could avoid the 

 trouble of obtaining the generally untrustworthy information you 

 receive from people who are not canoeists. Eloise. 



Buffalo, N. Y. 



[It was at first intended that the secretary of the Association should 

 have charge of all such matters as pilotage and cruising information, 

 but his duties are already heavy, and the scheme proposed would 

 relieve him of a work that will soon be very arduous. The Associa- 

 tion have lately taken the matter in hand vigorously by sending out 

 requests for information, but it is possible that better results might 

 be obtained by an organized system of State pilots under a chief. At, 

 any rate the subject is one of general interest, and worthy of further 

 discussion .] 



SWIMMING RACES AT THE MEET. 



THE suggestion has lately been made to add to the programme for 

 1885 a tournament of the olden style, but. with canoes in place 

 of hordes. It is a capital idea, but will require a good deal of work to 

 get into satisfactory shape. 



The race programme will probably be quite long enough, but I 

 hope the committee will find room for a couple of swimming con- 

 tests. Every canoeist should be able to swim, and I presume that a 

 very large majority of persons using canoes can do so more or less. 

 One of the poets of the Association. Orange Frazer, cannot swim a 

 stroke, and always ties himself to his canoe when running rapids or 

 in other dangerous situations. 



I would suggest two races, viz., first, one hundred yards, and sec- 

 ond, half a mile. Six hundred yards might be more suitable for the 

 latter, but endurance could not be well tested at a shorter distance. 

 Rules for such contests are already well known. The costumes 

 should be such that ladies could be present. 



I may be mistaken, but I think races of this kind would bring out a 

 large number of entries, and prove of interest to the Association. 



Boreas. 



THE FAN MAINSAIL. 



IN Forest and Stream of Sept, 11 last, there appeared a short para- 

 graph on the "Fan Canoe Sail," signed "B. Lug," which I in- 

 tended to answer, but I was busy at the time and lost sight of the 

 matter. I noticed the paragraph yesterday in looking over some 

 back numbers of Forest and Stream, and will now reply to it. 



I can understand how "B. Lug" gained the impression' that my fan 

 mainsail would not sit flat. When I had it at Grindstone Island,' dur- 

 ing at least part of the time I could not hoist it so fully up as to get 

 the boom off the slot-bar, or topping lift. This was owing to the 

 hasty and imperfect construction of that individual sail, and is not. 

 inherent in the fan sail principle. No doubt the sail did then to some 

 extent present the appearance of "a series of flu'ings." When I 

 afterward remedied the defect so as to bring the weight of boom and 

 battens into play to stretch the sail, aided by the tension of the sheet, 

 I found the sail excellently flat. Mr. J. K. BakeweU, of Pittsburgh. 

 who uses a fan sail, thinks with me that it is an exceedingly flat sail 

 when properly made. 



I think that in a good fan sail the "retarding surface" presented to 

 the wind is less than that of a balance lug; but a comparison of two 

 good specimens of the rigs will best settle this point. 



"B. Lug" says "the fansail is complicated in make." He got that 

 impression from the somewhat crude arrangement I bad at the meet, 

 which I put together hastily just before leaving Toronto. I have since 

 got the thing in better shape as to details. 



"B. Lug" thinks that the fansail is probably useless for racing. I 

 don't see why it should be. I propose to race with a big one this 

 coming season. 



"B. Lug" refers to "the amount of labor necessary to keep its 

 many parts in working order. " This is a, misapprehension. There is 

 not necessarily any more gear on the fan mainsail than on any other 

 sail having the same number of reefs. My sail at Grindstone' Island 

 had two reefs in it, both worked from the deck. 



All being well, I hope to have at Grindstone Island next July-Au- 

 gust, a large fan mainsail in a much better shape to stand criticism 

 than the old one was. Robt. Tyson, Isabel, T. C. O. 



Toronto, Feb. 88, 1885. 



PRIZE FLAGS FOR THE A. C. A. RACES. 



THE following circular has been sent out by the Regatta Commit- 

 tee to all A, C. A. members. For several seasons past it has 

 been the rule that only flags shall be given as prizes for the Associ- 

 ation races. It is difficult to purchase suitable flags for such a pur- 

 pose, and the duty of obtaining them has usually devolved on the 

 officers of the Association. Many of the members can readily procure 

 one flag each, and the flags will not only be finer than those pur- 

 chased, but will have an additional value as prizes. Answers to the 

 circular should be sent in as soon as possible: 



Albany, N. Y., March, 1885. 



In arranging for the prize flags for the regatta of 1885, the commit- 

 tee venture to hope that it may not be necessary to present any 

 factory-made articles. They believe that many members and friends 

 of tbe A. C. A. will gladly send flags which will be doubly prized as 

 being at the same time Association trophies and personal favors. 

 The committee, therefore, ask you to fill and return the accompany- 

 ing blank, promising for yourself or for a friend a contribution to the 

 list. The flags should be of silk, painted or embroidered, of any size 

 from A. C. A. regulation upward. Contributors may, of course, 

 designate a race for which the flag is offered, and the committee will 

 arrange as far as possible upon such suggestions. The name or 

 initials of the maker or designer will add to the value of a flag, 

 Flags not particularly designated will be marked for appropriate 

 races by the committee. 



The high appreciation of the prizes heretofore given by friends (by 

 ladies especially), lead the committee to expect a ready response to 

 this appeal. The prizes should be sent to the committee before July 

 1. The promise should be given as soon as possible. 



The blank is as follows- 

 To the Regatta Committe A. C. A., 



Care of Mr. R. W. Gibson, Albany, N. Y. : 



The undersigned wdl send before July 1, for the A- C. A Regatta of 

 1885 prize flag which offered by.. 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Member A. C, A. 



(Address. ) 



N. B.— If any particular race is preferred, please refer to pro- 

 gramme and quote. 



EventNo Class Sailing or Paddling 



SHATTEMTJC C. C.-Fing Sing. March 17.— Editor Forest and 

 Stream: The Shattemuc 0. C, of this place, has a membership of 

 nine. Our officers are: G. Fisher Secor, Commodore; J. K.Hand, 

 Captain ; T. J, Hand, Jr., Purser. We hope to be on deck with a new 

 boat house by the middle of next month. The club is almost a year 

 old.-T. J. Hand, Jr., Purser. 



PERSONAL.— Mr. Frank Taylor was in New Orleans last week and 

 called on Dr. Neide — At last reports Messrs. Munroe, Seavev and 

 ix other canoeists were to leave Jacksonville on the sharpie'Mary 

 B., for a three week trip to Lake Worth. They will return via Indian 

 River and St. Johns. 



TORONTO 0. O— On Saturday, Feb. 28, four enthusiastic members 

 chained off a balf mile course on the bay, starting in front of the club 

 house and running west along the city front. Bearings were taken 

 at a quarter mile, so that a short race can be had. 



ANNUAL CAMP A. C. A.. 1885. 



THE fifth anuual meeting and camp of the American Canoe Asso- 

 ciation will be held on Delauey's Point, at tbe northeast end of 

 Grindstone Island, in the Thousand Islands region of the St. Law- 

 rence River, commencing on Friday, July 24, and continuing until 

 Saturday, Aug. 8. The camp site is about four miles distant from 

 Clayton" N. Y., and five miles from Gananoque, Canada. A steamer 

 wdl make regular trips between Clayton anrl Gananoque twice a day, 

 stopping at camp on both trips and connecting with the Utica & Black 

 River Railroad at Clayton and the Grand Trunk Railroad at Gan- 

 anoque. Additional transportation arrangements will also be made 

 of which due notice will be given in the Canoeist and Forest and 

 Stream. The ladies' camp will be located at Squaw Point, as in 1884. 



CAMP SUr-PLJES. 



There will be an ice house and a store Dear the dock, where all 

 necessaries may be obtained at moderate prices. Meals may be ob- 

 tained by such as do not desire to cook for themselves at Delaney's 

 farm, a short distance from camp, additional and ample accommo- 

 dations having been provided for this purpose. Mr. Delaney can also 

 accommodate at his house from eighteen to twenty boarders iu case 

 any members desire to avail themselves of the opportunity. The 

 various routes to the Thousand Islands are too well known to require 

 enumeration, and a list will be furnished later of all such making 

 special rates iu favor of the Association. 



PROGRAMME. 



Camp will open Friday. July 24. The first week will be devoted to 

 cruising, camp sports, excursions, and such special races as may be 

 arranged. The preliminary meeting of the Association will be held 

 on Monday evening, Aug. 8. The regatta will begin, if the weather 

 be favorable, on Monday, Aug. 3, at 9:30 A. M., according to the fol- 

 lowing programme. At the termination of the regatta a general re- 

 view of the fleet will be held. Special sports and illuminations will 

 be announced in camp and members are respectfully requested to 

 supply themselves with lanterns, etc. The annual meeting will be on 

 Frioay, Aug. 7, at 11 A. M., and camp will close on Saturday, Aug. 8. 



CAMP. 



All members are earnestly requested to be present for the entire 

 term of camp, if possible, and as it is probable that the number will 

 be large, officers of clubs will notify the Commodore by mail, to Clay- 

 ton, N. x., immediately before proceeding to camp, of the number of 

 men proposing to be present and the size and kind of tents they will 

 require space for, in order that suitable grounds may be assigned. 

 Clubs desiring it will be located as nearly as possible in the former 

 positions, provided due notice is given as above. 



The large Association tent; will be centrally located, with suitable 

 postal facilities, and all letters addressed to Clayton, N. Y., or Gan- 

 anoque, Canada, A. C. A. Camp, will be delivered there. 



The bulletin board at the head of the dock will show the orders for 

 the day, and all members are cautioned to observe the same for the 

 general comfort and convenience. A. 0. A. Rules will be strictly en- 

 forced, and all members desiring to compete in races must conform 

 to them. 



Special days will be assigned for visitors, who will not be permitted 

 in camp at other times except by special invitation, and no steamers 

 will be allowed to land without special permit from the Commodore. 

 Ladies will not be permitted in camp before 10 A. M. or after 5 P. M., 

 except by official invitation on special occasions. 



LAKE ERIE MEET. 



A local meet will bo held on Ballast Island, Lake Erie, near Cleve- 

 land, and Toledo, under the. charge of Commodore Gardner, of the 

 Cleveland C. C, shortly before the annual camp, and all canoeists are 

 urged to attend, if practicable, as special facilities will be provided 

 for proceeding direct from Lake Erie to Clayton by steamer. 



ANNUAL REGATTA, 1885. OFFICIAL PRO- 

 GRAMME. 



First Day, Monday Aug. 3. 



No. 1. 9:30 A. M.— Paddling Class III., 1 mile. 



No. 2. 9:45 A. M.— Paddling Class II.. 1 mile. 



No. 8. 10:30 A. M.— Sailing iNoviees Classes A and B, no limits to rig 

 or ballast, open only to members who never sailed a canoe before 

 1885, IHj miles. 



No. 4. 11:30 A. M.— Paddling Class IV., 1 mile. 



No. 6. 11:45 A. M.— Paddling Class I. (This race exempt from "1 

 man 1 canoe" rule) 1 mile. 



No. 6. 1 :45 P. M.— Sailing Class B, no limits ballast or rig, 3 miles. 



No. 7. 2:00 P. M. — Sailing Class A, no limits tallast or rig, 3 miles. 



No. 8. 3:00 P. M.— Paddling and Sailing combined, Classes A and B, 

 (paddle }£ mile, sail 3^j mile, paddle % mile, sail Jg mile, paddle ^ mile, 

 sail Y- mile, on triangular course of ]/, mile sides) 3 miles. 



No. 9. 4:00 P. M.— Paddling tandem. Classes III. and IV., decked 

 (canoes for this race must be decked on half their length), 1 mile. 



No. 10. 4:15 P.M.— Paddling tandem. Classes HI. and IV., open 

 (only for paddlers who do not race in No. 9), 1 mile. 



No. tl. 4:30 P. M.— Upset race, any Class II. or larger canoe (no 

 special appliances allowed unless usually carried in cruising, at signal 

 every canoe must be turned completely over), 20C feet. 

 Second. Day. 



No. 12. 9:30 A.M.— Paddling Class IV., cruising trim (canoe and load 

 any material, to weigh 200 pounds or more), 1 mile. 



No. 14. 10:30 A. M.— Sailing Class B, no ballast, 3 miles. 



No. 15. 10:40 A. M.— Sailing Class A, no ballast, 3 miles. 



No. 16. 11:40 A. M.— Paddling Class II. , cruising trim (canoe and 

 load to weigh 120 pounds or more), 1 mile. 



No. 17. 2:00 P. M.— Sailing Class B, cruising rig (sail limited to 75 

 feet, any ballast), 1% miles. 



No. 18. 2:10 P. M.-Sailing Class A, cruising rig (sail limited to 50 

 feet, any ballast), tig miles. 



No. 19. 3:00 P. M— Paddling Class III., cruising trim (canoe and 

 load to weigh 100 pounds or more), 1 mile. 



No. 20. 3:15 P. M.— Sailing unclassified canoes, no limits ballast or 

 rig, IU miles. 



No. 2l. 4:15 P. M.— Hurry scurry, with swim, 100 yards run, canoes 

 moored 50 feet from shore, paddle 800 yards. 



No. 22. 4:30 P. M.— Gymnastics. 



Second day of this pro gram tnee will be Tuesday, Aug. 4, unless 

 weather prevents or some of Monday's races are postponed, in which 

 case Monday's programme w r ill be finished, if possible, and the re- 

 mainder of the day be devoted to special races or sports, and the 

 second day will be Wednesday, Aug. 5. In the absence of wind the 

 paddling races will be called at their appointed times. Punctuality 

 will be insisted on, no race will wait for any members. Any event 

 delayed by lack of wind or by reason of the preceding one not 

 having finished will be postponed to the same horn- next day, and the 

 next event started at its appointed time. All A. C. A. rules will be 

 enforced. 



"All-round record" with five prizes will be based upon ah events 

 in this programme except Nos. 3, 5, 9, 10, 20, 21, 22, that is upon 7 

 paddling. 6 sailing, and 1 combined. Every classified canoe (except 

 Class I.) being eligible alike for 3 paddling races, 3 sailing, and 1 com- 

 bined. For No. 5 members may bring aiid use another canoe betides 

 the one allowed under Rule II. for other events. 



Kirst and second prizes in all events except No. 22. 



The Committee recommend as desirable subjects for special prizes 

 under Rule V., long distance races, sailing races for open canoes and 

 paddling races for decked canoes, portage or obstruction races, and 

 sports to afford amusememt. 



R. W. Gibson, ) 



R. J. Wilkin, V Regatta Committee. 



J. L. Weller, ) 



A, C. A. SAILING REGULATIONS, 1885. 



AS REVISED AND AMENDED BY COMMITTEES. 

 [See also Notes following these Rules.] 



RULE I. 



A canoe to compete in any race of the A. C. A. must be sharp at 

 both ends, with no counter stem, or transom, and must be capable 

 of being efficiently paddled by one man. To compete in A, C. A. pad- 

 dling races, it must come within the limits of one of the numbered 

 classes. I.. II,, HI., IV.; and to compete in sailing races, it must come 

 within the limits of either Class A or B. 



Class I. —Paddling. —Any canoe. 



Class II.— Paddling.— Length not over 15 feet, beam not under 26 

 inches. Depth inside from gunwale to garboard streak at any part of 

 the canoe not less than 8 inches. 



Class VLL— Paddling.— Length not over 16 feet, beam not under 28 

 inches. Depth as above, not under 9 inches. 



Class IV.— Paddling.— Length not -over 16 feet, beam not under 30 

 inches. Depth as in Class ni. 



Class A.— Sailing.— Length not over 16 feet, beam not over 28 

 inches. 



Class B.— Sailing.— Length not over 17 feet, with a limit of 28^ 

 inches beam for that leugth. The beam may be increased J-g inch for 

 each full inch of length decreased. 



The greatest depth of a canoe in Classes A and B, at fore end of 

 well, from under Bide of deck amidships to inner side of garboard 

 next to keel, shall not exceed 16 inches. 



In centerboard canoes, the keel outside of tbe garboard shall not 

 exceed VA inches in depth, including a metal keel band of not over 

 ii of an inch deep. The total weight of all centerboards shall not ex- 

 ceed 60 pounds; and they must not drop more than 18 inches below 

 the garboard, nor if over one third of the canoe's length, more than 

 6 inches below the garboard; when hauled up they must not project 

 below the keel except as follows: Canoes built before May 1,1885, 

 may be fitted with centerboards which, when hauled up, may pro- 

 ject, below the keel, provided that such projection of board and case 

 is not more than two inches and a half in depth below the garboard, 

 and not more than 36 inches in length, In order to be admitted in 

 races without ballast, the centerboard or boards, includiug bolts and 

 other movable parts, but not including fixed trunks or cases, must 

 not exceed 15 pounds in total weight. 



Canoes without centerboards may carry keels, not over 3 inches 

 deep from garboards, and not weighing moie than 85 pounds. Lee- 

 boards may bo carried by canoes not having centerboards. 



Measurement.— The length shall be taken between perpendiculars 

 at the foreside of stem and at the aft side of stern; the beam at Hie 

 widest part not including beading, Li the sailing classes the beading 

 shall not exceed Wi inches in depth: if deeper than \y z it shall be in- 

 cluded in the beam. 



The word "beam" shall mean the breadth formed by the fair lines 

 of the boat, and the beam at and near the waterline in the paddling 

 classes shall bear a reasonable proportion to the beam at the gun- 

 wale. The Regatta Committee shall have power to disqualify any 

 canoe which, in their opinion, is built with an evident intention to 

 evade the above rules. As the minimum in Class III. and Class IV. 

 coincides with the maximum in Class A and Class B respectively, a 

 quarter mch each way is to be allowed in measuring for these classes 

 in order that a canoe built to come well within one class may not 

 thereby be ruled out of the other. 



RULE II. 



None but members of the American Canoe Association shall be per 

 mitted to enter its races, and no canoe shall enter that is not enrolled 

 on the Secretary's books, witti its dimensions, etc., and no member 

 who is in arrears to tbe Association shall compete in any race or claim 

 any prize while such arrears remain unpaid. 



Any member shall enter only one canoe for races at any one meet, 

 except for such races as the programme shall specially state other- 

 wise. Each canoe shall be enrolled and entered for racing in only 

 one sailing class and one paddling class. 



Crew.— The "crew" of each canoe shall consist of one man only, 

 unless tbe programme of the regatta states the contrary. Members 

 must paddle or sail their own cances. and must not exchange canoes 

 for racing purposes. A canoe which is not owned or used for racing 

 by anv other member present, shall be deemed to be the canoe of the 

 member bringing it to the camp. In double canoe races, the owner 

 may associate any other member with himself. 



RULE III. 



All entries must be in writing, on the blanks provided, and must be 

 handed into the Regatta Committee within such time as they may 

 direct. 



RULE IV. 



Every canoe entering, except for an upset race, shall carry a col- 

 ored signal flag 10x6 inches on a staff forward when paddling, and 

 her A. C. A. number of enrollment, in red block numerals 15 inches 

 high and 2 inches broad when sailing. The number to be on both 

 sides of the mainsail, to read correctly on the starboard side, and re- 

 versed on the port side. The clerk of the course will lend the pad- 

 dling signals for each race, and they must be returned to him. but 

 the sailing numbers must be applied by canoe owners. 

 rule v. 



Flags shall be given as prizes as follows: A first prize in each race, 

 and a second in each race in which more than two start, and for the 

 five best scores in a record of tbe regatta to be prepared by the Re- 

 gatta Committee, the five best flags at the disposal of the committee 

 shall be given. Prizes donated for special races or competitions may 

 be accepted at the discretion of the Regatta Committee. No prize 

 of money shall be raced for. 



RULE VI. 



The mode of turning stakeboats, and all directions for each race, 

 shall be posted by the Regatta Committee on a bulletin board one 

 horn- before the race is called; and any competitor not knowing the 

 course, or mistaking it, or not following these Rules, does so at his 

 own risk. Stakeboats and buoys will be left on the port hand, when 

 not stated distinctly to the contrary. 



RULE VII, 



No pilotage or direction from any boat or from the shore shall be 

 allowed, and any one accepting such assistance may be disqualified. 



RULE VIII. 



Any canoe fouling another shall be ruled out. It shall be considered 

 a foul if, after the race has commenced, any competitor by Ids canoe, 

 paddle, or person shall come in contact with the canoe, paddle, or 

 person of any other competitor, unless in the opinion of the judge 

 such contact is so slight as not to influence the race. In case of a, 

 foul, the non-fouling canoe must go over the course in order to claim 

 the race. Any canoe fouling a buoy or mark shall be ruled out. 

 Every canoe must stand by its own accidents. 

 RULE rx. 



Should the owner of any canoe, duly entered for a race, consider 

 that he has fair ground of complaint against another, he must give 

 notice of same immediately on the finish of the race to the judge, and 

 must present the same in writing to the Regatta Committee within 

 one hour of the finish, if appealed from the decision of the judge. 



The sum of One Dollar shall be deposited with each protest, to be 

 forfeited to the Association should the protest not be sustained. The 

 Regatta Committed shall, after hearing such evidence as they deem 

 necessary, decide the protest, and the decision if unanimous shall be 

 final, but if not unanimous, an appeal may be made to the Executive 

 Committee, whose decision shall be final. 



No member of either Committee shall take part in the decision of 

 any question in which he is interested. In all cases where a protest- 

 is lodged on the ground of fouling, evidences of actual contact shall 

 be necessary to substantiate the protest. The Regatta Committee 

 shall, without protest, disqualifj any canoe which, to their knowledge, 

 has committed a breach or the Rules. 



PADDLING RACES. 



RULE X. 



Paddling races shall be started by the starter asking, "Are you 

 ready?" On receiving no answer, he shall say, "Go." If he con- 

 siders the start unfair, he may recall the boats, and any canoe refus- 

 ing to start again shah be disqualified. 



RULE XI. 



A canoe's own water is the straight course from the station assigned 

 it at starting. Any canoe leaving its own water shall do so at hs peril; 

 but if the stern of one canoe is a canoe's length ahead of the bow ot 

 another, the former may take the water of the latter, which then 

 becomes its own water, and it shall only leave it at its peril. 



SAILING RACE3. 



RULE XII. 



The paddle shall not be used in sailing races, except for steering 

 when no rudder is used, or when the rudder is disabled, for back 

 strokes to leeward in tacking, or for shoving off when aground, afoul 

 of anything, or in extreme danger, or from a passing steamer, or 

 from a squall. 



rule xin. 



One minute before the start a signal shall be given, and exactly one 

 minute later a second signal will be given to start. Any canoe which 

 crosses to the course side of the starting line prior to the second 

 signal, must return above the line and recross it, keeping out of tbe 

 way of all competing canoes, using the paddle if necessary; but after 

 tbe second signal the start shall be considered as made, and all 

 canoes on either side of the line shall be amenable to the Sailing 

 Rules. Canoes may take any position for starting, and prior to the 

 second signal may be sailed aud worked in any manner (outside aid 

 not allowed). Should cireunistauces allow it, the Regatta Committee 

 may vary the manner of starting. 



RULE xiv. 



All shiftable ballast except centerboards shall be carried within 

 the canoe, aud no fixed ballast shall be carried below the keelband. 

 Ballast may be shifted, but no ballast shall be taken in or thrown out 

 during a race. 



RULE xv. 



A canoe overtaking another shall keep out of the way of the latter; 

 but when rounding any buoy or vessel used to mark out the course, 

 if two canoes are not clear of each other wmen the leading canoe is 

 close to, and is altering her helm to round the mark, the outside 

 canoe must give the other room to pass clear of the mark whichever 

 canoe is in danger of fouling. No canoe shall be considered clear of 

 another unless so much ahead as to give free choice to the other on 

 which side she will pass. An overtaking canoe shall not, however, be 

 justified in attempting to establish an overlap, and thus force a pas- 



