Apr it, 2, 1885. j 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



198 



i I I U I I I I 





WHOLE s,AIL 



REEFING GEAR FOR LARGE JIBd. 



REEFED SAIL. 



general con struction ami f nisb she is like the Moya. but in model 

 and arrangement forms a striking contrast. With a plumb stem, over 

 which is a sloop's bowsprit, round below and Bat on top, painted 

 black, she is cut away into a rocker similar to Moya, but with a 

 plumb sternpost. Her overhang is not only very long, but wide and 

 heavy in appearance, contrasting poorly with her neighbor's, while 

 the great beam, accompanied by depth, makes her heavy and clumsy 

 to the eye. 



On deck is room in abundance, in fact more than is necessary. 

 while the effect to the eye is not pleasing, the boat looking almost as 

 broad as long. Forward is a circular hatch to forecastle, over the 

 main cabin is a large skylight, and abaft is the companion, placed to 

 s'arboard of the centerline, while on its port side is built a second 

 skylight over the owner's stateroom. The companion is entered 

 from a very large cockpit, with rail of the usual form, the steering 

 gear being pi the af ter part of it. At each side are fixed seats. The 

 steering gear and segment are of composition. 



Below th^scabin is arranged very curiously, the starboard side 

 having two -lockers, one forward of the other," with a folding berth 

 over each. On the port side forward is an ice box of large size, open- 

 ing into the galley through the bulkhead. Next to it is a closet, then 

 a large buffet, then another closet, then the w. c. abaft which is the 

 owner's stateroom, with several more closets and a large berth. 

 Abaft of stateroom and cabin is the sail room, entered from under 

 the ladder. Closets abound everywhere with a feminine profusion. 

 The forecastle is very large and commodious, but throughout the 

 immense bulk at the disposal of the designer is badly utilized, if not 

 wasted. In some respects she offers more room than her sister near 

 by. but considering their sizes, she cannot compare with her. Her 

 sail area will be 2,5C0ft., 2,000ft. in lower sails. The mast is 33ft. 6in.. 

 deck to hounds ; masthead. 6ft. ; topmast, fid to truck, 82ft. ; boom, 

 38ft.; gaff. 28ft.; bowsprit, 82ft.; mast from fore side of stem. 14tt. 

 Gin. She will have a staysail set well out on bowsprit, and her bob- 

 stay and preventer are both of bar iron, 



A comparison of these boats, lying as they now do, side by side, is 

 very interesting, and carries its own evidence to all who examine 

 them carefully. When they have been tried together and when the 

 cost of each is known, a fairer conclusion can be reached, but in all 

 respects, accommodation, performance, cost, the odds will, we think, 

 be strongly in favor of the narrower boat. Both are now ready for 

 launching, and their spars are waiting for them. About the yard are 

 also hauled up the Alga, Rondina. Fad, Ella May, Zaidee, Tempest, 

 Athlete, White Wing, Adrienne, North Star, and Dream, while the 

 two Herald launches, built last year, are also on shore, covered in. 

 One is entirely completed, the other has not received her engines jet. 

 At the other yard of Lawley's is a keel catboat nearly completed. 

 She is 20ft. on deck, 17ft. 6in. waterline, 8ft. beam, 3ft. draft, and ear* 

 l ies 1,000 pounds on keel. The cockpit is large, with a low cuddy for- 

 ward, entered by a sliding hatch. A movable bulkhead door divides 

 it from the cockpit. She will steer with a tiller, which is fitted with a 

 rack tolockitinany position. On deck, just abaft the mast, is a small 

 brass tripod, to which is fitted a gooseneck for the boom and a shackle 

 for the tack. Lawley's are also building several yawl boats for vari- 

 ous yachts. Laid up in their yard are a large number of boats; Sara- 

 cen, Vayu, Columbine, Edna, Tomboy, and many others, all waiting 

 for spring to shed their canvas covers. 



Near by, at Hutchins & Pryor's yard, a number of boats are hauled 

 up. They have built this season a boat of the Cruiser type, but of 

 differentmodel, which they will race this year. They are also busy 

 with repairs on a number of other boats. 



At Smith's yard both Thetis and Huron are hauled up side by side, 

 The former has had a small piece added to her forefoot, making it 

 about 8in. deeper; otherwise she is the same. Little can be learned 

 about her performances last season, but that little does not argue 

 well for the success of such a combination of beam, depth and 

 weight. This year she will be canvassed and handledjin better form, 

 and may astonish all, but a look at her form does not promise any 

 such performance. Inside she has been changed a little, The Huron 

 is really a new boat, being 9ft. longer than before, while she has been 

 entirely rebuilt, only her keel and half a dozen frames amid 

 being left. Mr. Smith has made an excellent job of the rebuilding, 

 and turned Out a strong and shapely vessel. We doubt whether she 

 can even yet hold her own with Bedouin, but she is the best example 

 we have of a large keel sloop. A cockpit has been added, of oval 

 form. Both Huron and Thetis are fitted with the Mcllvaine patent 

 slides and skylights, which we will describe later on, 



Williams, of City Point, is now busy in his new shop with a small 

 cutter for Pittsburgh parties. At Lawlor's yard, in East Boston, no 

 new work is doing, but he is putting new cabins and stern on the 

 steam yacht Naja, lately purchased by Mr. White. 



At Jeffries' Point, Wood Bros, have nearly finished the large keel 

 sloop we described lately. This firm were among the earliest build- 

 ers of deep boats, and they have turned out the Neva, the famous 

 little Gem, Nyssa, now in New York, and many others, : Their latest 

 boat is of the same type, 88ft, over ail, 82ft. 0in. waterline, 12ft. beam, 

 with 6ft. 2in. headroom in cabin. Her keel is of iron, 8. 800 nounds, 

 and she is very strong, all planks in deck and bottom being in single 

 lengths. She will have a round hatch to forecastle, and a cockpit 

 aft. all of mahogany. Below she will be fitted with icebox, wat er 

 tanks, lockers, w. c , and all the requisites of a cruising boat. Her 

 rig will be cutter. Messrs. Wood have built her in stock, and she is 

 now for sale. They have also a little sloop for Mr. TJnderhill, of New 

 York, 27ft. over all, 9ft. beam, 3ft. draft, with 2,600 pounds of lead on 

 her keel. Besides her they are building a gig for the Naja, and a 

 boat of canoe model ISft. long, while they have completed a steam 

 launch 30ft. long. The late season has delayed fitting out, but with 

 the present weather the boats will soon be afloat. The first race, that 

 Pf the Mosquito Fleet, takes place to-morrow, 



A REEFING GEAR FOR LARGE JIBS. 



WITH the jibs carried on the open racing boats and cat amarans 

 reefing is almost, impossible, as a man cannot be sent out on 

 the long, light bowsprit, and no satisfactory method of reefing the 

 foot has been devised. Mr. Thos. Fearon, of Yonkers, is now fitting 

 a new reefing device to a catamaran, which works on an entirely 

 different principle, the area being reduced at the top, in the same 

 manner that a topsail is taken in. The jib is laced to a club on the 

 foot, and set on a stay with a halliard in the usual manner. About 

 one-third from the head a batten is run across from luff to leach, and 

 below the batten three or more grommets are placed. Through these 

 grummets slings are rove on each side of the sail. These slings are 

 united and to them a block is hooked. A second halliard is rove 

 through this block and one at the masthead. The downhaul is led 

 from the head of the sail, doyvn the leach a few feet through rings, 

 and then across to the luff, down to bowsprit end and inboard in the 

 usual manner. In hoisting sail both halliards are hauled on at the 

 same time. In reefing, the main halliard (fast to head of sail) is cast 

 off, and the downhaul hauled in. bringing the tipper part of the sail 

 down snugly on the batten, where it rests in the slings. By this reef 

 the area is quickly and effectually reduced, and full sail can instantly 

 be made again. Mr. Feat on has also a new mode of rigging the jib 

 sheet, shown in the sketch, by which the foot is trimmed down very 

 flat, _^____ 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 



Editor Forest and Stream,- 



Yachtsmen and canoeists in this vicinity are looking forward to a 

 very lively season, as new boats are being designad and built by 

 several local builders, 



Mr. Wm. C. Blodgett has just completed an 18ft. sloop for himself, 

 and two canoes for members of the Whitehall C. C. One of the latter 

 is built on the lines of the Jap, which Mr. E- W. West sailed at the 

 A, O, A. meet last summer, 



Mr. Blodgett will soon lay the keel for a 20ft. 'steam launch for a 

 member of the club. 



Mr. William W, Cooke will add 200 pounds of lead to the keel of his 

 14ft. yawl this spring, 



A fishing club has been organized at this place to protect the fish in 

 Lake Champlain from unlawful netting, which is carried on here at 

 all seasons of the year, Champlajn. 



CUTTERS TO WINDWARD. 



Editor Forest and Stream; 



There is one point that occurs to me, which I have not seen men- 

 tioned by any of your contributors, in relation to the pointing powers 

 of cutters. It is often wondered why, owing to the great angle of 

 heel, they do not " slide off to leeward." The point I refer to is that 

 only one view of the controversy, and one side of the vessel, seems 

 to have been taken into consideration. Now I propose to approach 

 the subject from the windward and inquire if it is not a fact that the 

 windward side of a vessel has as much to do with her holding on as 

 the leeward side ? The suction of the weather side of a board when 

 set in the water edgewise and pushed to leeward, seems to be 

 equal to the direct resistance of the water on the leeward side, 

 and a consideration of this fact should influence the model given to a 

 wind ward agoing vessel. Again, just in proportion as said board is 

 held in a perpendicular position, or an inclined one, just in that pro- 

 portion will it resist lateral pressure, or slide off to leeward. This 

 would seem to indicate that it is important to make the windward 

 side of a cutter as near a vertical plane, when heeled, as practicable, 

 and from this it would follow that the slight curve given to the mid- 

 ship section of the ordinary cutter should give place to the straight 

 timbers of the " Fendeur " type, for just in proportion as a bilge is 

 produced, will there be skin friction without corresponding lateral 

 resistance. Yours for fast sheets and safe boats, that are not afraid 

 of their beam ends. R. L. E. 



THE HINDER END OF A BOAT. 



' ^ r pHE Cruise of the Ghost" is instructive upon boats and waters, 

 JL The first point made was the necessity of lengtheningthe stern 

 of the boat and diminishing the area presented perpendicularly to a 

 following sea. Many boats are still built with a large stern, inclined 

 15 to 30 degrees aft from the vertical. The cutters and launches of 

 men-of-war are of this fashion, and the comfort of the stern sheets is 

 preferred to a more contracted but safer model. In most harbors 

 they do very well, but upon the open sea coast and out at sea, where 

 it is necessary to use them occasionally, especially in war times, they 

 are wet and dangerous. A cutter was filled and the crew lost upon 

 Georgetown. S. C, Bar during the war. In running through the 

 breakers a following sea just lapped over the'stern and filled her, 



I had to take a cutter off shore through the surf just north of 

 Georgetown to escape gobbling by a troop of cavalry. We pointed 

 her bow out and passed the first roller easily, -the second rushed under 

 the boat, lifted her high up, passed inward and let her down so 

 heavily that the water rushed over the stern and quarters and filled 

 her to the seats. Onlv great energy and superhuman exertions pre- 

 vented a serious disaster. 



I made a cruise among the islands of Penobscot Bay in a launch 

 well loaded with camp equipage and six persons. We did very well 

 in Eggemogin Reach and the thoroughfare, but in going around the 

 coast of Mt. Desert to enter Southwest Harbor, we uncovered our 

 flank and let the long swell of the open sea have full swing at us. It 

 was a lazy swell or I would not be writing to you. The movement 

 alarmed me, and when we cleared a spar buoy and gave sheet to the 



mainsail, our only sail, and the wind aul sea were dead astern. 1 felt 

 we were in great danger. As a sea rilled under and let us down in 

 the hollow, the boat rose so sluggishly to the next one that it came 

 just within one inch of going over the square stern and s vamping us. 

 That meant in that place ~ the drowning of three ladies and gen- 

 tlemen. I was thankful when we got out of tint, and I never will be 

 caught in a square-sterned open boat in heavy seaway again. 



I am surprised that many seaside sailboats are built, upon this 

 same pernicious model, and I am more surprised that, naval con- 

 structors do not improve the small craft as well as the large. 



I think the midshipman in the ghost story is given too much credit 

 in modeling^ I am sure boat construction is not taught at the Naval 

 Academy, and the author of '• The Cruise " made him do what he 

 thought he ought to, and not what he had been taught to do in the 

 service 



Whale boats have the stern similar to the bow, so do pinkey Ashing 

 vessels in a measure, and all the surf-boats I have ever seen'. A fol - 

 lowing sea lifts them out of danger, and a head sea rolling under 

 cannot rush over the stern, because there is so much resistance o 

 downward movement— sinking or settling— under th-i counter. 



It is especially necessary to pay attention to this principle in small 

 cruisers, wlrch occasionally venture out to sea in passing from har- 

 bor to harbor, and. it seems to me, the greater th^ sheer and the 

 longer and shallower the stern, the safer and more comfortable a 

 boat would be. 



Mr. E. L. Williams, of South Boston, is designing me a small cruiser, 

 and I am glad to see the stern is drawn out till it looks like a wedge. 



Boat designing is a fine art, and its devotees are specialists, and 

 there are lots of us who have " been to sea " who don't kno v as much 

 as the builder of Columbus' old Pinta, W. H. Winslow, 

 Pittsburgh, PA . 



NEW JERSEY Y. C. 



ri^HE annual meeting of the New Jersey Y. C, held at their club 

 J. house, foot of Tenth street, Hohoken, last Thursday evening, 

 Commodore Long^treet presiding, was largely attended. The retiring 

 officers submitted their reports, which were listened to with atten- 

 tion. The Treasurer, Mr, Chas. 1. Rogers, in his report showed the 

 expenditures that bad been made and the amounts received for dues 

 and from the regattas in detail, reporting the regatta fund to amount 

 to nearly $200, with a balance over and above all liabilities of nearly 

 $500. Ex-Corn. Dilworth, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, re- 

 ported the improvements made and to be made about the club house 

 and grounds, and touched on the convenience of new ferry from 

 Fourteenth street, New York, which lands just above the club house, 

 the completion of which is expected about June 1 . 



Ex-Com. Dilworth notified the club that he would move at the next 

 meeting an amendment to Sec. 9 of Chap. VII.. of the by-laws, allow- 

 ing cabin sloops to carry in all races of the club mainsail, jib, work- 

 ing gafftopsail and jibtopsail, and in addition a staysail to cutters, 

 and restricting catamarans to the use of jib and mainsail only, 



Mr. Gartland notified the club that he would move at the next meet- 

 ing an amendment to Sec. 15 of Chap. VII. of the by-laws, making 

 the time limit eight hours instead of six in all races of' the club. 



This is a move in the right direction, and we ihink that eventually 

 the time limit will be done away with altogether, as it rarely happens 

 that a postponed race is successful, besides necessitating extra ex- 

 pense and trouble. 



Mr, Samuel A. Besson was elected a member, and Messrs. H. W. 

 Sagendorf, and James A. Reed, and Martin W. B. Gresson, owners of 

 the catamaran Nemesis, were proposed. 



Thursday, June 9. 1885, was fixed as the day on which the fourteenth 

 annual race will be sailed. An accurate 20-mile course has been mea- 

 sured, i, e,, starting and finishing at Bsdloes' Island, to Buoy 13, and 

 then to Red Can Buoy off Coney Island Point, leaving both to port, 

 keeping to westward of buoy on Robbins Reef going and coming, 

 with ah allowance of two minutes to the foot mean measurement for 

 larger classes. The outer mark for the small class will be Fore La- 

 fayette, as heretofore, with an allowance of a minute and a half to 

 the foot, while the catamarans will have as an outer mark the S. W. 

 Spit (Buoy 8}^), with an allowance of one minute to the foot. 



Several new catamarans will participate in the race of June 9, and 

 this will be quite a feature. The Regatta Committee were instructed 

 to procure a suitable steamboat for use of the judges and guests of 

 the club, for which an appropriation was made. The following gen- 

 tlemen were elected officers for the year; Commodore, JohnH. Long, 

 street, catamaran Duplex; Vice-Commodore, Rudolph F. Rabe, yacht 

 Minnehaha; Recording Secretary, William S. Dilworth; Correspond- 

 ing Secretary, George E. Gartland; Financial Secretary, John D. 

 Goetschius; Treasurer, Charles I, Rogers; Measurer, Henry F. Ogdsn ; 

 Regatta Committee, Edward W. Ketcham, chairman: William H. 

 Dilworth and Theodore Reyndeis; Trustees, William H. Dilworth, 

 chairman, Theophilus Butts, Edward W. Ketcham, John H. Long- 

 street and Edwin A. Stevens. 



After some other miscellaneous business had been transacted, the 

 meeting adjourned. 



LAUNCH OF THE CORA.— The new steam yacht Cora was suc- 

 cessfully launched at Poillon's yard on March 25 in the presence of a 

 number of spectators. Her dimensions were given lately in the For- 

 est and Stream. A full description must be deferred until next 

 week. 



A NEW FIVE-TONNER FOR CANADA.-Mr. W. Evans Patau, the- 

 English yacht designer, has in hand a design for a five-ion, cutter o.f 

 modern type to go to Canada . 



NEW YORE Y, C— A meeting of the club was held ou March, 

 at the club house. No. business of moment was transacted.. 



