July 28, 1885. 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



813 



know one kind of a Bsk from another. Sometimes, iUst for 

 the name of the thins, a member of the association drops a 

 line, in Tinklewater, but I never heard of his catching more 

 than three fish in three hours, though the newspaper always 

 writes about it as if it were oue of the most remarkable e vents. 

 It's a pleasant old assoeifl Lion however, and we meet two or 

 three times a year and smoke, in our rooms and play poker 

 and read the sporting prints. To tell the honest truth. I take 

 but a very passing interest in it, but we have lately got a new 

 member, that's Podgers, the lawyer. I don't know h&w much 

 of a fishermau he is. I don't think he owns a rod himself, but 

 he is a very energetic kind of a fellow. I think he's fishing 

 more for political capital than for suckers. He is an agitator, 

 so he is. You might talk to him. Ho runs things in the asso- 

 ciation, and he is always having a law amended or is tinkering 

 at our constitution. We don't take much interest in it, so he 

 does pretty much as he pleases. I will have k ; m up here, girls, 

 find then state .your grievances, What's the use, anyhow, of 

 trying to fish in Tiuklewater and getting yourselves hot and 

 freckled?" 



But the daughter of the most important man at Tinklewater 

 Cross Roads w r as not to be put down in that way. "It's the 

 greed of the great cities that destroys our rural rights! What 

 do they care iu New York whether we can have a day's fishing 

 here or not? Our interests are qi i longer to be sacrificed. We 

 have been trampled on long- enough. lam not selfish. It is 

 not alone Tinglewater I look at— yet there must be thousands 

 of other streams like it in the State which have no fish in 

 them. We must, we shall, we will have fish in them. By all 

 means bring us your Mr, Podgers.'' 



Podgers was invited to tea. At once the young lady told 

 her griefs, and laid the case of the Tinklewater fishing excur- 

 sion before Podgers. 



Podgers, who was a good listener, at ouce seized the main 

 points of the young lady's arguments. It was her disinterest- 

 edness, so he told her, which was so noble. "You are not 

 speaking for Tinklewater, but for every river and lake, iu the 

 State. Yours is a noble work. 1 am with you heart and 

 soul. Is not the father of oue of your friends a member of the 

 Legislature: 1 " he inquired. 



''Yes," replied the young lady. 



"That's the lever we will work upon. To think of the in- 

 dignity of the thing! The daughter of au Assemblyman 

 comes to Tinklewater and can't catch a single fish, and why?" 



As the young lady did not know exactly the reason she- 

 could uot answer, "I will tell you why. Because the shad 

 that once swam in its pellucid waters have been taken away; 

 likewise the bluefish. Salmon may have sported there,and why 

 not the Spanish mackerel?" 



"Why not?'' chimed in the young lady. 



"Lobsters, too, may have swarmed there; even porpoises. 

 It is not improbable that the lordly bass cut through the wave 

 of our Tinklewater.". 



"Exactly, and to-day all the possibilities of our beautiful 

 Tinklewater have, been destroyed," added the young lady. 



"Now, what is to be done!" asked Podgers. 



"What's to be done?" echoed the young lady. 



"We will agitate the question. Tinklewater is ours, and the 

 absence of the fish iu it arises solely from the fact that our in- 

 terests are sacrificed. Tinklewater shall be preserved. The 

 preservation of Tinklewater includes the. preservation of the 

 State. No longer shall that huge maw of New York prevent 

 a charming young lady and her invited guests from having a 

 day's innocent pleasure. Here is mv plan of campaign. Get 

 your friend to write to her father. ' I will dictate the letter. 

 Then your father, as the president of the Anglers' Assocition. 

 will indorse my action. It is only a question of some labor, of 

 a little persistence, and then the name of the Tinklewater 

 Anglers' Association will ring through the land." At once 

 over the strawberries and cream the plan for the protection 

 of Tinklewater was perfected. 



After that there seems to have been no difficulty iu having 

 the law passed at Albany. Although it might have been con- 

 clusively shown that Tinklewater never sent an ounce of fish 

 to New York markets, notwithstanding the positive assurance 

 that the most important of all the fish, a striped bass, never 

 had been caught in Tinklewater, that they were as foreign to 

 the streams of that portion of New York as were seals or 

 w r alrus, nevertheless the law was passed and sanctioned by 

 the Governor. 



"It's a darned shame," said the legislator, "that my daugh- 

 ter Julia Jane can't have her day's fun out of Tinklewater — 

 and the poor child went there and fished all day and didn't 

 catch a thing. See the letter she wrote me about it? Podgers 

 worked it up. He's a smart one. Guess he's looking after 

 votes around that Tinklewater country. I don't eat much 

 fish myself, save dried cod on a Friday, but I go in for my gal's 

 sake for preventing them New York people from getting the 

 better of us. " 



So the gush of Julia Jane, somewhat modified bv Podgers, 

 went the rounds of the Assembly, and though not "one of the 

 legislators had the faintest conception of what kind of fish 

 he was protecting, where it came from, or its importance as 

 food, striped bass was ruled out of New York for almost five 

 months in the year. 



The law injured the business of the fish dealers in the State 

 to the amount of thousands of dollar's, drove the trade to 

 other cities, but the waters of Tinklewater were protected. 



The daughter of the president of the Tinklewater Anglers' 

 Association, it must be said, is perfectly unconscious of the 

 mischief she has done. She will probably fish in Tinkle- 

 water, at the least, once a year for some time to come, and 

 whether the stream is protected or not, neither she nor any- 

 body else will ever catch anything but an occasional catfish 

 there,— New York Times. 



ure. 



Address all communications to the Forest and Stream PubMsh- 

 ing Co. 



SOME OBJECTIVE POINTS IN FISHCULTURE. 



[Read before the American Fisheries Society.] 

 BY 31. MCDONALD. 



I DO not propose in this paper, here presented to the consid- 

 eration of the members of the American Fisheries Society, 

 either to describe the apparatus, discuss the methods, or esti- 

 mate the results accomplished by the work of artificial propa- 

 gation and planting of fish in the inland, river, and coast 

 waters of the United States. 



These topics have been and will be discussed during the prog- 

 ress of our meetings, by gentlemen much better qualified to 

 instruct and interest you than 1 profess to be. 



Your attention is invited not to what fishculture has already 

 accomplished, but rather to what remains to be done, before 

 we. cau consider its mission ended. 



It is proposed, as briefly as may be, to indicate the objective 

 points yet unattained, tow r ard which our efforts, energies 

 and investigations should be directed, and to suggest some of 

 the agencies which must be invoked and which must co-oper- 

 ate in dealing with the important question, how shall we re- 

 store our inland, coast and ocean fisheries to their former 

 abundance and maintain them at a maximum of production? 



Less than a generation ago fishculture was an art, rude in 

 appliances, crude in its methods, sentimental rather than prac- 

 tical in its aims, and insignificant in its results. To-day it 

 confronts us as an industrial and economical question of the 

 first rank— too grave in its issues, too vital in its relations to 

 be ignored or disregarded, 



In its inception, the artificial propagation of certain species 

 of Sahmaniitee, with the view of planting them in depleted 

 streams iu which the species was native or indigenous, was 

 the aim and limit of fishculture as then understood and prac- 

 ticed. 



The iisbeultUre of to-day, broader in its aims, grander iu its 

 achievements, mure rational' in its methods and in finite in its 

 possibilities, finds in the artificial propagation and pi.. 

 fish but one of the means to an end. This resource places at 

 our command, in measure without stint, the seed of the bar- 

 may scatter it broadcast in rivulet ami river, in pond 

 and lake and tidal waters, but whether the seed thus sown 

 will grow and ripen to a full fruition depends upon ci 

 wirioh must be studied, interpreted and dclined, and where un- 

 favorable, modified or eliminated. 



We should be prepared, therefore, to appreciate and provide 

 for the. wide range of inquiry and investigation we. as a 

 society, arc called upon to suggest, to Coster, or to inaugurate. 



PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS. 



Each species with which we have to deal has a life history 

 of its own. In its manner or mode of reproduction and devel- 

 opment, iu its habits, food and habitat, it is inessential rela- 

 tions to its environment. Our success in repopulating our 

 rivers with species indigenous to them and in acclimating in 

 new waters species which are valuable for food or sport, will 

 be measured by the fidelity and precision with which we 

 study, interpret, and apply the lessons taught us by the 

 naturalist, the biologist, the physicist and the Chen 



It should be the business of this Society to enlist in its 

 service or to invite to co-operation in its work allthos 

 intellectual activities find occupation and engrossment in 

 studies and investigations, which may seem to the. casual ob- 

 server to have no practical application, but which are just as 

 essential to the accomplishment of the work we have set be- 

 fore us, as is the artificial propagation and planting of fish; 

 for upon the right interpretation of such investigations de- 

 pends success or failure in the practical work of fishculture. 



The biologist with his microscope is needed to reveal to eye 

 and comprehension the marvellous story of embryonic devel- 

 opment, and interpret and define the conditions' which are 

 favorable or unfavorable. W ilh the thermometer in hand, the 

 physicist marks out the paths traversed by the wandering 

 schools of fish in the pathless ocean, and circumscribes the 

 limits beyond which they may not pass. 



With balance and reagents.' the chemist appreciates those 

 infinitesimal differences of salinity or composition, which may 

 and do determine the presence or absence of certain species in 

 certain areas of water. Nearly all departments of science 

 maybe, indeed must be, laid under contribution to furnish us 

 the' data upou which to build our conclusions. 



REGULATION AND PROTECTION OF THE FISHERIES BY LAW. 



Another important subject which should enlist the attention 

 and engage the efforts of' this society is the securing, through 

 State or Federal legislation, of the enactment and enforce- 

 ment of such laws as will regulate the seasons of fishing, the 

 methods and apparatus of capture, and Conserve, as far as 

 may be, favorable, natural conditions of reproduction. 



It is trae there are upou our statute books now laws without 

 number seeking to regulate the fisheries. Usually these laws 

 are dead letters, mere forceless verbiage. In ' some cases 

 framed in ignorance, or dictated By the private interest which, 

 for the time, dominates in the legislative assembly, they invite 

 the very evils they seek to remedy. 



Public sentiment every where has awakened to the necessity 

 of rational legislation in reference to our fisheries. The. fish- 

 cultural and fish-protective associations, and the numerous 

 fishing or angling clubs, hi organized and active existence in 

 all the States, are composed of men who are intelligent, edu- 

 cated and interested. They largely mould, direct and voice 

 the public sentiment which suggests and controls legislation. 

 It is the function — I may say it is the business — of this Society, 

 both as a body and through individual members and co- 

 workers, to stimulate inquiry and investigation in every direc- 

 tion, to collect, digest, and interpret the data thus obtained, 

 and be prepared to suggest and recommend necessary legisla- 

 tion in the interest of the fisheries. 



To secure the enactment of such legislation, all these associa- 

 tions, societies, and clubs should be brought into sympathy 

 with our aims, and into co-operation with our efforts. As 

 organized bodies or as individual members, they should be- 

 come integral factors in the organization and work of this 

 Society. 



STATISTICS OF THE FISHERIES. 



A third important objective point to be aimed at by this 

 Society is to secure the institution bj^ the National Govern- 

 ment of measures to collect each season complete statistical 

 returns of the fisheries. Such data are of the greatest im- 

 portance iu giving us a measure of the improvement or de- 

 preciation of our fisheries year by year and in appreciating 

 and interpreting local fluctuations in the fisheries. I may add 

 that the want of authentic statistical data of the sea fisheries 

 has already cost the general Government uot less than $5,000,- 

 000 under the provisions of the reciprocity treaty now in force 

 between the United States and Canada. 



Like questions of reciprocity and compensation may arise 

 at any time between our owii Government and the Canadian 

 or other foreign governments. An accurate statistical pre- 

 sentation of the extent and value of our own sea fisheries, 

 which we should always be prepared to furnish, will be our 

 best protection against the extravagant demands and unwar- 

 ranted concessions which have been asked and yielded iu the 

 name of reciprocity. 



A consideration of the objective points hi fishculture, a few 

 of which are here briefly brought to your attention, will give 

 some idea of the extent of the field which is to be exploited 

 before this Society, and the agencies which it may enlist in 

 organized and concerted action, shall have accomplished the 

 mission committed to it. 



Of the importance of this mission I need hardly speak. The 

 necessity of utilizing every food resource of land and water 

 grows more urgent as populations increase. It is an economi- 

 cal necessity that sea and lake, pond and river, should be 

 brought up to and maintained at a maximum production, and 

 to this Society -s largely committsd the satasf autoiy solution 

 of this important question of political economy. When the 

 methods of artificial propagation have been so perfected and 

 cheapened as to be justified even from the standpoint of the 

 utilitarian: when the conditions of success in breeding and 

 rearing fish have been so w ell established and secured that we 

 may be sure that the seed sown shall ripen to a productive 

 harvest; when insurmountable obstructions no longer bar our 

 ■ '■y fishes from access to their spawning grounds or 

 hinder the free circulation of the resident species in our rivers; 

 when factories no longer discharge their poisonous waste into 

 our rivers, so that they may flow from their mountain sources 

 unpolluted to the sea;' when the modes and apparatus of fish- 

 ing are so regulated and restrained by law as not to tax too 

 severely natural resources for recuperation and the per- 

 manent productiveness of the fisheries is thus established, 

 then the aggressive mission of this Society will have, in a 

 measure, ended. 



It will still remain for us, by incessant watohfuhieSS, vigil- 

 ance and supervision, to conserve the important results which 

 our efforts will have accomplished. 



BLACK BASS IN GEBMANY.-The following is au ex- 

 tract from a letter to Prof. Baird: "Berneuchen, June :.-". 

 1885. Dear Sir: You will be interested to know that my 

 thirteen black bass have spawned, and that I have caught 

 11.S00 of the fry and placed them into ponds that have no 

 other fish. I am now almost certain that this fish will be 

 plentiful in a few years in my neighborhood.— M. v. D. Borne, 



SALMON IN THE HUDSON.— The Glens Falls, N. Y, 

 Republican says: A few of the salmon from the fry placed in 

 the Clendon brook by the IT. S. Fish Commissioners a year 

 last May have been caught lately, ami. as required by law, 

 placed in the water again. The specimens taken measured 

 from four to six inches.' They are silvery white, with bright 

 red spots the, size of a large pin-head an eighth of an inch 

 apart running along the lateral line. These salmon will dis- 

 appear next 'summer and find their way through the Hudson 

 to salt water, when, after the lapse of a year or two, they will 

 return as near to the waters where then' babyhood was spent 

 as possible to spawn. Whether they will succeed in coming; 

 through the foul waters of New York Bay remains to be seen. 

 The bright red speckles will also disappear, and in place of the 

 speckles black spots more generally distributed will appear. 

 fine hundred thousand of these fish have been placed in the 

 Clendon Brook, the last in voice of which arrived two months 

 if this experiment proves snscessful, salmon fry will 

 undoubtedly lie placed in larger quantities in all the tributaries 

 of the Hudson hereabouts. 



PROTECT THE LOBSTE ft,— Maine lobster-Canning estab- 

 lishments have closed earlier than usual this season, on ac- 

 count of the scarcity of the crustaceans. The fact carries 

 another warning, if any were needed, of the danger that this 

 valuable shellfish will become extinct unless strict measures for 

 its preservation arc enforced. Possibly the close-time mid 

 ten-inch laws were enacted too late or are insufficient, to 

 repair the ravages caused by the demand to which the 

 progress of the canning business lias given rise within a year. 

 Even a complete cessation, by common consent, of lobster 

 Catching, except for the home market, for a few seasons 

 would be preferable, to the extinction which is threatened.— 

 Belfast [Me.) R&puMican Journal. 



CARP CULTURE.— We have a profusely illustrated pamph- 

 let of 100 pages entitled ■'The A B C of Carp Culture," by Mil- 

 ton B. Beiree, published by A. I. Boot, Medina, O., price fifty 

 cents. The work is largely a collection of the author's 

 tered writings, and contains much that will be. of value to 

 those interested. The publisher is widely known as an 

 enthusiastic bee ruau. 



r Mt Menml 



Address nil coiniwinicatiOTis to the jporest and stream Publish- 

 ing < e. 



FIXTURES. 



BFINCH SHOWS. 



Sept, ■.'■;, ■_'■■;. -,'4 and 35.— Dog Show of the Milwaukee Exposition As-. 

 .!). John I), oicotr, Superintendent, Milwaukee wis, 



(jet. 27, 28 and-20. — Twelfth Dog Show of the Western Pennsylvania 

 Poultry Society, Pittsburgh! Pi. C. B. Blben, Secretarv. 

 FIELD TRIALS. 



Nov 9.— Second Annual Field Trials of the Fisher's Island Club, for 

 members only. Jlax Wtnzel. Secretary, Hoboken, N. J. 



Nov. 9.— First Annual Trials of the Western Field Trials Associa- 

 tion, at Abilene, Kan. Entries close Oct. 15. A. A. W r hipple, Secre- 

 tary, Kansas City. Rio. 



Nov. 16, 18S&.— Seventh Annual Field Trials of the Eastern Field 

 Trials Club. High Point, N. C. Entries for Derby close May 1. w". 

 A. Coster, Secretarv, Flatbusb. L. I. 



Dec. 7.— Seventh Annual Field Trials of the National Field Trials 

 Club, Grand Junction, Tenn. Entries for Derby close April 1. B. M. 

 Stephenson, La Grange, Tenn., Secretary. 



A. K. R.-SPECIAL NOTICE. 



rpHE AMERICAN KENNEL REGISTER, for the registration of 

 -L pedigrees, etc. (with prize lists of all shows and trials), is pub- 

 lished every month. Entries close on the 1st. Should be in 

 Entry blanks sent on receipt of stamped and addressed envelope. 

 Registration fee (50 cents) must accompany each entry. No entries 

 inserted unless paid in advance. Yearly subscription $1.50. Address 

 •'American Kennel Register/' P. O. Box 2988, New York. Number 

 of entries already printed 2519. 



STUD FEES. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



The communication in your paper of July 16, signed "Sur- 

 rey" (I should much prefer the real name of the writer) has 

 been read by me. 



As the owner of champion Graphic I chose to place his stud 

 fee at 8100, and I do uot recognize the right of "Surrey" or 

 any oue else to find fault with the sum named, except that he 

 Or they, axe at liberty not to make application for the 

 services. 



I imported Graphic solely for the use of my own bitches 

 without any intention of placing him in the stud. He had no 

 sooner. arrived here than 1 was besieged with begging letters 

 (I use the word "begging" advisedly) for his services at a nom- 

 inal fee from owners of bitches I would not alio whim bo - 

 at any price, because they were not what 1 consider pointers. 

 On thie other hand, I was urged by many gentlemen (sports- 

 men) to place him iu the stud even if I named a fee which 

 would be prohibitory to owners of bitches of doubtful pedi- 

 grees and reputation. Not wishing to withdraw him entirely, 

 as Mr. Lorillard has done some of his dogs, I thought I would 

 allow him to serve a limited number of bitches. I believed 

 the best guarantee 1 could have that the bitches were good 

 would be the payment of the fee named, and that Owners of 

 nondescript animals would not lie likely to pay it. 



Furthermore, as I am not in the dog business, 1 do uot pro- 

 pose keeping a secretary to look up and unravel the doubtful 

 pedigrees of bitches that might be sent to hi in. When "Sur- 

 rey" or any one else in this country can produce a, dog four 

 y ears old, "or of any other age, that can show such a record 

 himself or the get that Graphic can, both as winners at Bir- 

 mingham, the Crystal Palace, at held trials and elsewhere, 

 perhaps it will be time to compare stud tees with some other 

 dogs 1 have in mind who are dear as stock getters a.1 



I will further add that when such breeders as Mr. Sain 

 Price, Mr. Staffer, Mr. J. E. Mason, Mr. Salter and others 

 send their best Held trial bitches to a dog in the stud, that 

 dog needs no advocacy from any one on this side of the ocean. 

 As 1 have "before said. I did not import Graphic to make 

 money out of him. 1 had intended dividing any money he 

 might earn as future prizes at field trials and on the bench 

 among puppies of his get. "Surrey" and others who are 

 desirous of seeing what bind of spurs Graphic can win in this 

 country, will have an opportunity, both in the field and on 

 the bench, unless some accident befalls the dog, and will 

 have a chance to compare some of his get with others, both in 

 next year's Derby and at the various sic iws . "Surrey" ought 

 to know that champion Graphic's reputation is not alone con- 

 fined to England, but that his get have been eagerly sought 

 for in all quarters, Climax of Branufcls having Won the 

 puppy stakes at Berlin this year. 



A winner of first in field trial classes and a championship in 

 England mean something, and before, ti dog can even enter the 

 latter class for competition, he must win at least seven 

 prizes at shows registered in or for the Kennel Club Stud 

 Book — three of which must be in the challenge class, special 

 and other prizes not counting. 



How many of our so-called champions here would reach, do 

 you think, even the ■ challenge class iu such company 



