Current //crpclolof;y 20(2): 85-95, December 2001 

 © 2001 by I he Hei petological Society of Japan 



Aclvcrlisement Call Sfriicliires of Froj^s from Soulliwestern 

 India, vvilli Some Fcolo^ical aiul I axoiiomie Notes 



MirsuKU KURAMO I O' and S. Mari i sii .lOSHY- 



' //ikuri-uoka 3-6-15, Muiiakala. I iikuoku SI 1^3403, JAPAN 

 " RoikUiiio IVio-divcrsily Rcsearcli Luhoratory, St. Alovsiiis Collcfie, 

 Mangulure-575 003, INDIA 



Al)stract: Advcrtisciiu'iit cull slriicliires ol ten trdu species, six ninids uiul 

 four riiacophorids, Irom sonlliwcsleni India were aiial>/ed. Rmia tcnip()rali\. 

 I.imtioticilcs liiniKnhtiris. Itiitinmii sciitipulituita, Xyctihcitnic/ms nutjni . and 

 I'liilutiliis ct'. homhaycnsis had simple calls consisting either ui a sini;le note 

 or ol' a series ot similar notes. I iititioiwctcs cl'. I\criih'iisi\ and /'. el . tnivun- 

 coricits had a relali\el> lon^ call with a well-(liHereriliale(l tirsi note, and /. 

 syhailn'ii\i\. I'. Icticorhitiiis, and Rliacophonis tnahihariciis had conipkA call 

 strnelnres wilh a \ariel\ of call t>pes. Se>eral ecoloiiical notes associated 

 wilh breediiiL;, and some laxonomic problems are preseiiled. 



Kc\ words; \d\ cl iscincni call; bioacoiistics; frogs; liulia; Western Ghats 



1\ 1 !-;( ( I K )\ 



"I he aciuisiic ehai acici isi U s ol li oy calls 

 arc otic ol the niosi mipoiiaiii diagiioslic 

 Icatuics ol sju'cic's, and main sjx'cics !ia\o 

 been characlori/cci acoiisiiealK oi c\cii 

 Jcseiihcd as ncu In the call siniciiiics 

 (Kuianioio, hAS5; Schiic'idci and Sniscli, 

 \')^>1). ( alls jilay a critical lolc in icimo 

 diictivc ecology of frogs uhich icl\ on 

 vocal coiniiiimicatioii rather than \isiial or 

 olfactoi\ .lies I Wells, 1V77; Roy, 1997). 

 Recent In It lias been recogiii/ed that calls 

 provide the most convetiieiH and reliable 

 evidetice for the presence of cerlaiti species 

 iti surveys of aniirat\ amphibians (Uridgc.s 

 aiui Dorcas. 2000). 



' C inicspondine. .uillu'i . Id I .ix 'S| OJt) 

 32-0730 (M.Kuramoto). 



Tlie call structures of more than 20 

 iiulian tio;^s lia\c been analyzed (reviewed 

 In Kanamadi, l\o\, 1996). India 



has a rich amphibiati fauna (Inger and 

 Dutta, 19S6) and more than 100 frog 

 species occui in the Western Clhals 

 (Daniels. 1992). There are many species 

 uliieli are very difficult to distinguish 

 from each other atul it is expected that 

 acoustic features will provide useful 

 means for ideiuification. 



In the present study wo report advertise- 

 metu call structures of ten frog species 

 from southwestern India. 



\1 \ 1 I RIALS AND MliTHOOS 



Calls were recorded in ihe field during 

 June and July 1999 and June :00« in the 

 following localities, all in Knrnaiaka 

 state: Kadri (Mangalore). Padil (Manga- 



