sTfHn' or .i.v ih'Oijio/s .i/.i\/v 



Icaturc in religious 

 (•crcinonics and fes- 

 tivals, hcinii- the to- 

 ken hy which the 

 huhans confessed 

 and tocjk oaths; and 

 was the ol)ject \)y 

 which piibhc trans- 

 actions were coiu- 

 memorated. Wam- 

 pum was n(jt used 

 as currency, how- 

 ever, tlie In<Han.s 

 having no standard 

 of value until they 

 found it in our cur- 

 rency, hut it did 

 come nearer curren- 

 cy than any other 

 kind of property, 

 and when sold to 

 white settlers the 

 strings were count- 

 / ed and reckoned at 



half a cent a bead. 



The woman in the 



right of the case is 



pounding corn in a 



IROQUOIS MASK.* primitive mortar. 



(Corn and tobacco are our legacies from the Indian.) The matrons of 



the Inxjuois ])()ssessed property of their own in distinction to that held 



by their husbands; they sat in council by themselves and had the right 



to tc^'minate a war. 



* The story of this particular false faci', with its inoutli twisted to one side, i-s as follows: When 

 Hawcniyu had made the earth, he wandered about over its surface contemplatinp his work. As 

 he went alonp he met a Kalse-faee Beinfr, who rudely demaniled what Haweniyu was doing on his 

 earth. The jiotl indignantly replied that he had made the world. This the False-face Being 

 denied, so after more discussion they decided upon a contest. They stood in the middle of a 

 valley, and in order to show his jjower the False-face Being .said, pointing to the mountains at one 

 side, "Do you see tho.se hills over there?" "Yes" r.'plied Hawoniyu. "Come here." said the Being 

 to the hills, and immediately the hills came over and stood a few feet away. Hawcniyu in his 

 turn addn'.ssed not tin- clifis but insteatl said to the Fal.se-face Being, "Turn around and see. "and the 

 False-face turned, and at the same time the god <'aus 'd the hills on the other side of the valley to 

 move up so swiftly and so close that they struck the False-face on the side of his countenance and 

 twisted his mouth into the position it has held ever since. The Being then acknowledged the supe- 

 rior power of Haweniyu, and tlu- god saitl that the False-faces might ever after live at the ends 

 of the earth i)rovide<l that they wouhl not interfere with the children of men who were soon to be 

 placed in the w.)rld. This the False-face Being agreed to with the promise that they would drive 

 away witches and (li>ea-e-< aiul (jfotect mankind. 



