Pueblo 

 Indians 



I'l I'.iii.o i.\ ni.ws 31 



WEST WING 



Indians of iiik Soi iiiwKs'r 



On tlic left arc collections tVoin the se(lentai\\' Indians wlio occni)\' 

 tlie ])nel)l()s of tlie Uio (Irande and of H()])i, Aconia and 

 Zuni; and also the objects recovered from the preliistoric 

 ])uel)los. caves, and clift'-dwcllin^s; on the ri<2;ht are the 

 nomadic Indians — the eastern and western Ai)aclie, the Xavajo, the 

 Pima, the Papago, and several tribes of nortlu^n Mexico. In the south 

 annex will be found baskets from the Indians of California. 



The sedentary Indians live in hwgv conmiunity houses often with 

 sev(M-al receding stories, built of stone or ad()})e. They depend chiefly 

 ui:)on a^iri culture^ for tlunr food, make a variety of pottery, and have 

 many (4al)orate reli<2;ious ceremonies. The nomadic peoples live in 

 tipis or small l)rush and thatched houses which are moved or deserted 

 when they are forced to seek the wild game and wild vegetable products 

 which fiu'nish much of their food. They make baskets for household 

 l^urposes which are more easily transported than pots. There are 

 models in the hall of the pueblos of Taos and Acoma, of prehistoric 

 chff-dwellings and of the houses used by the Xavajo and A]:)ache. 



The upright eases of the next aleove are filled with wonderful pre- 

 historic pottery. That in the wall case is from Pueblo Bonito. Similar 

 gray and white ware with very elaborate and splendidly executed designs 

 in an adjoining case are from Rio Tularosa, one of the upper tributaries 

 of the Gila, w^here a vanished agricultural people once lived in pueblos 

 and cliff-dwellings. A third case has potter}^ from the Casas Grandes of 

 Chihuahua, Mexico, and represents the southern limit of the southwestern 

 ancient culture. In the table case and in a case standing in the aisle 

 are shown the wonderful art work in turquois, shell, stone and wood of 

 the former inhabitants of Chaco Cafion. These objects, as well as the 

 pottery from Pueblo Bonito mentioned above, were secured by the 

 Hyde Expedition. 



In the next alcove, devoted to the Hopi, are the costumes, masks, 

 images, and placques used in their ceremonies. Besides the well-known 

 snake dance, the various Hopi villages have many interesting ceremonies, 

 many of which are concerned with the rainfall and their crops. 



The inhabitants of Zuni are beheved to be the descendents of the 

 first people seen by the Spanish in 1540. Their former villages, many of 

 which are now in ruins, were probably the "Seven Cities of Cibola," for 

 which Coronado was searching at that time. Although they had 

 missionaries among them for about three centuries, thev have retained 



