8 



AM ERIC AS MUSEUM GUIDE LEAFLETS 



the great terminal moraine that crosses the northern states. In Europe 

 simihir ice sheets extended soiitliward from Scandinavia across (ireat 

 Britain and Germany and radiated outwards from the Alps, Carpathians 

 and Pyrenees. The mannnotlis and oilier northern animals followed the 

 ice sheets southward and rant^cd beyond their limits in fhe cooler temj)er- 

 atnrcs that accomj)auicd them. 



\\\[\\ the mannnotlis came also the hardy huntsmen of the north — 

 tall, acti\e and intelligent races of men, whose pursuit was no doubt an 

 inij)ortaiit factor in their extinction. In compensation they have left us 

 sketches and rude i)aintings of the great prehistoric })east, |)reserve(l on 

 bone or ivory and on the wjdls of caverns in southern France and Sj)ain. 

 These sketches, crude and impressionistic as they are, have })een of no small 

 assistance in comj)leting and rendering more lifelike the reconstructions 

 of the mammoth made by Mr. Kniglit under Professor Os})orn\s direction. 



After Lucas 



Fig. 2. Drawing of the mammoth on ivory, by a prehistoric 

 French artist. 



A characteristic feature seen in all these drawings is the great boss of wool 

 or hair on top of the head. This was not preserved in either of the two 

 Siberian carcasses, and would not be suspected from the form of the skull. 

 It gives the animal a noticeably different aspect from any previous restor- 

 ation. 



Alaskan mammoths. Gold mining in Alaska and the Klondyke has 

 resulted in the discovery of numerous teeth and bones of the mammoth 

 and a few skulls, but no com})lete skeleton has yet been recovered. 

 In 1908 Mr. L. S. Quackenbush secured for the ]\Iuseum con- 

 siderable parts of a mammoth carcass from the margin of the frozen tiuidra 

 at Elej)]iant l\)int, Eschscholtz Bay. There had been much more of the 

 sj)ecimen, i)ut most of it had been destroyed and the remainder badly 

 disorganized by erosion and sliding of the face of the bluff in which it was 

 exposed. The tusks and low er jaws, pelvis and hind limb, several vertebrae 

 and numerous fragmentary bones and pieces of skin, masses of hair and 

 wool, flesh and fat were preserved. The principal parts are in the museum's 



