64 INDIANS OF THE SOUTHWEST. 
Tiguex. The province of Tiguex, on the Rio Grande 
near Bernalillo, had twelve villages scattered along the 
valley on either side of the river. None of these 
villages is now inhabited. Below along the river was 
the province of Tutahaco with eight villages, probably 
in the neighborhood of Isleta which may occupy the 
site of one of them. Still farther down the Rio Grande 
were three villages which may have been situated as 
far south as San Marcial where there are ruins of the 
former Piro villages. 
Salinas. East of the river were at least three 
villages not mentioned by any of Coronado’s followers 
but included later in the district of Salinas, named from 
the salt lakes in the neighborhood. These villages of 
Abo, Quarai, and Tabira, generally known as Gran 
Quivira, were hard pressed by the Apache and appear 
to have been deserted about 1675. When Governor 
Otermin passed down the Rio Grande in 1680 after the 
uprising, the inhabitants of the villages on the lower 
Rio Grande, Socorro, Sevilleta, and Alamillo, collec- 
tively known as the Piro, then few in number from the 
raids of the Apache, joined him and were established 
near El Paso where a few of their descendants are still 
living at Isleta del Sur. 
Quiriz. Just north of Tiguex was the province of 
Quirix with seven villages, probably those now repre- 
sented by the Keresan villages of Santo Domingo, San 
Felipe, Santa Ana, Sia, and Cochiti, the location of 
many of which was changed during the rebellion. 
Tanos. 'To the east of these, was Ximena, with three 
villages in Galisteo Valley, deserted at the time of the . 
rebellion. San Cristobal and Tanos, the largest of 
these, were excavated for the American Museum 
during the summer of 1912 by Mr. N. C. Nelson. In 
the ‘‘snowy mountains” there were seven villages not 
