INTRODUCTION. 17 
only available when trips were undertaken to the 
region east of the Pecos, which, according to an old 
saying, the buffalo did not cross. 
The natives occupying the Southwest are represen- 
tatives of the race known as American Indians. Their 
common characteristics are: a warm chocolate color, 
straight black hair, brown eyes, wide faces, and high 
cheek bones. In other respects the Southwestern 
peoples exhibit considerable variety. The accompany- 
ing table shows the Maricopa, averaging 68.8 inches 
on the one hand, and the pueblo peoples on the Rio 
Grande averaging a little more than 64 inches. 
Inches = Inches 
Maricopa 68.8 Walapai 66.3 
Yuma 67.7 Isleta 66.2 
Pima 67.3 Mescalero Apache 65.9 
Mohave 67.5 Southern Ute 65.6 
Jiearilla Apache 67.4 San Juan 65.3 
Navajo 67.4 Acoma 64.9 
White River Apache 67.3 Taos 64.6 
Papago 67.2 Hopi 64.4 
Havasupal 67.1 Zuni 64.3 
Yavapal 67.08 Jemez 64.05 
San Carlos Apache 66.7 Sia 63.9 
The proportion of the length to the breadth of the 
head has been much used in describing and classifying 
races. The skulls recovered from the ‘‘ Basket Maker” 
burials of southern Utah are extremely long and narrow. 
Of the modern peoples of the Southwest only the Pima 
and Papago and some of the people of Taos have heads 
of this shape. The heads of the remainder of the pre- 
historic people; those of the present-day Maricopa, 
Yuma, Mohave; and most of the sedentary people, the 
