THE PUEBLO DWELLERS. 85 
even with the mouth. On the Rio Grande, the men 
frequently tie their hair with yarn, in two folded clubs, 
while the Zuni men make one club of the long hair. At 
Taos the braids are wrapped with fur or flannel as is the 
custom of the Plains Indians. The hair of both men 
and women is frequently washed with yucca root suds. 
The moccasins of both men and women have hard 
soles, a fact emphasized by Castaneda as new and 
important, who adds that buskins reaching the knee 
were worn in winter. These are still found in the Rio 
Grande villages but more generally the women’s moc- 
casins are now provided with a long strip of deerskin 
which is wrapped many times around the lower leg. They 
are whitened with white earth. Under these leggings 
are worn footless stockings knit of black or blue woolen 
yarn. 
The ornaments of turquoise and sea shells worn in 
the ears and about the neck in earlier times were later 
supplemented by silver beads of native manufacture. 
The earrings of inlaid turquoise mosaic mentioned by 
the early Spanish writers are still worn by the Hopi. 
The native cotton originally employed in clothing 
was largely cultivated by the Hopi and to some extent 
on the Rio Grande below Cochiti in Coronado’s time. 
Very little cotton is now grown. Wool was introduced 
with sheep at an early date, for we know there were large 
flocks at the time of the rebellion. 
INDUSTRIAL ARTS. 
Pottery. The household vessels of the modern 
pueblo peoples are mostly of clay. These are used 
for transporting and storing water and for the storage, 
cooking, and serving of food. For making them, the 
clay found commonly in the Southwest is tempered 
with pottery fragments finely ground. When suffi- 
