K'Ol'l'ER QUEEN MINE 115 



In the first alcove on the right is the stump and part of the roots of 

 a large tree from an anthracite coal mine under Scranton, Pa. Millions 

 of years ago, in the geological period known as the Carboniferous, this 

 Fossilized tree grew upon the top of a thick swamp deposit of 

 Tree Stump decaying vegetation which ultimately became a most 

 valuable bed of coal. The stump was left in the roof of the mine when 

 the coal was extracted for commercial and domestic uses. It fell to the 

 floor years after the gallery had been abandoned and was discovered 

 only through the chance visit of a miner. 



The northeastern corner of the hall is devoted to the Copper Queen 

 Mine Model and a series of ores and other specimens from the famous 

 Copper Queen Bisbee-Warren copper district in southern Arizona. Two 

 Mine Model models have been prepared as a result of several years of 

 and Exhibit extremely painstaking and skillful work. A large model, 

 some 18 by 12 feet in dimensions, shows on a scale of twenty-four 

 feet to the inch all the surface features and mine and other buildings 

 over four of the principal mines (Holbrook, Spray, Gardiner and Lowell) 

 belonging to the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company, while a 

 painted background represents the surrounding mountains and the 

 town of Bisbee. The sides of the model give vertical sections to the 

 depth of about 1,200 feet illustrating the geology of the area and showing 

 the general manner of getting out the ore and hunting for new deposits. 

 There were produced in about 30 years (1880-1912) from the mines at 

 Bisbee belonging to this company 7,729,922 tons of copper ore of an 

 average copper content of 7.16%. The metal production in this period was 

 Copper— 1,106,605,774 pounds (553,303 tons) 

 Gold -104,775 ounces Troy (8,731 pounds) 

 Silver —6,107,421 ounces Troy (508,952 pounds) 



Near the large general model there has been installed a small model on 

 a scale of six feet to the inch showing the usual methods of extracting 

 the ore by "stoping." Drilling, picking, timbering, filling old cavities, 

 transporting, raising ore to the surface and other operations are illus- 

 trated as well as is practicable on the scale adopted. The shaft is 

 equipped with its cages, which are arranged so that they go up and down 

 by means of automatic machinery. 



Specimens of ore, minerals and rocks from the mine and the adjacent 

 country illustrate the geology of the region. Chief of these specimens 

 are velvet malachites that were taken from the original "Queen" mine, 

 the Open Cut, in the early eighties and a great block of malachite and 

 azurite weighing about four tons taken from the mine in 1892 and 

 included in the Arizona mining exhibit at the Columbian Exposition 

 in 1893. 



