SLEEPING SICKNESS 83 



and results of tropical sanitation as applied particularly to yellow fever. 

 Control of A hospital at Panama is shown as it was during the French 

 Mosquito- regime with mosquito-breeding pools all about and with 

 borne Disease tne i egs of tne ^ e ^ s anc j ^ e flower pots set in dishes of 



water to keep off the ants. In contrast there is illustrated a modern 

 hospital with all stagnant water removed, and wards screened and venti- 

 lated. Other models show the sanitary squads on the Isthmus which 

 fought the yellow-fever mosquito in the town by fumigation, and the 

 malaria mosquito in the country by ditching and oiling. The same case 

 contains oil paintings of the completed canal and of the camp near 

 Havana where the secret of the transmission of yellow fever was dis- 

 covered and the foundations of tropical sanitation laid in 1900. Photo- 

 graphs of the four American Army Officers, Reed, Carroll, Lazear and 

 Agramonte, to whose researches this advance is due, are hung upon the 

 wall near by. 



Near the entrance to the hall a relief map of the State of Arkansas 

 illustrates the coincidence between low swampy lands and the prevalence 

 Mosquitoes of malaria, and another shows the heavy incidence of 

 and Malaria malaria in the vicinity of marshlands near Boston. A small 

 relief map indicates the type and arrangement of drains used for lowering 

 the water level and eliminating mosquito-breeding pools, and diagrams 

 illustrate the progress made in mosquito control in New Jersey and the 

 financial return which has resulted. 



An adjoining case is devoted to certain insect carriers of disease of 

 special importance in tropical and semi-tropical countries. Scenes 

 Typhus and during the Serbian epidemic of typhus fever are illustrated 

 Sleeping by photographs and models with the disinfecting train 



Sickness used by the American Mission in the destruction of the 



lice which are responsible for the spread of this disease. Below are 

 shown specimens of the Glossinas which transmit sleeping sickness and 

 the nagana disease in Africa and of the ticks which spread Texas fever 

 of cattle and relapsing fever, African tick fever and Rocky Mountain 

 spotted fever of man. Photographs and models illustrate the ravages 

 wrought by this disease and the methods used for the control of sleeping 

 sickness in Africa by the cutting of the brush along the banks of swamps 

 where the Glossinas breed, by the destruction of infected villages and the 

 isolation of infected persons in concentration camps. 



Models in the next wall case deal with the life history of the fly, show- 

 ing its various stages in their natural size and actual habitat, and illus- 

 trate the large numbers of flies which may breed in a single pound of 

 manure and the enormous progeny which may spring from a single pair 

 and their descendants during the breeding season. 



