THE ARCHAIC HORIZON 51 
The eyes of the archaic images—and the mouths as 
well—are made according to several methods. First, 
there is the simple groove; second, a groove across an 
applied ball or button of clay; third, a round gouging 
made by the end of a blunt implement held vertically; 
fourth, a round gouging in an applied ball or button of 
clay; fifth, two gougings made with a round or chisel- 
edged implement held at an angle. The second form 
of eye, which resembles a grain of coffee, and the fifth 
form with the double gouging made from the center out- 
4 2 3 4 & ¢ ? 
Fig. 15. Types of Eyes of Archaic Figurines. 
ward, are found from the northern limits of archaic art 
in Mexico as far south as Colombia and Venezuela. 
The technique of manufacture naturally changes 
somewhat with the increase in size. There is also 
reason to believe that the largest hollow figures come 
from the end of the Archaic Period in Mexico, and 
especially those that have been found in the state of 
Jalisco and the territory of Tepic. The eyelids are often 
rather carefully modeled and sometimes an eyeball is 
put in between the lids. These and perforated eyes 
seem to be the latest characters to be developed in the 
archaic art and it is significant that they are not found 
over such a wide area as the forms of eyes given above. 
Ancient Customs. We may gather much of an 
ethnological nature from the study of these quaint 
figures. Articles of dress and adornment are shown as 
well as musical instruments, weapons, ete. Head- 
dresses may consist of fillets, turbans, and objects 
perched on one side of the head. Noserings and ear- 
