The Saginaw Valley Collection 13 
determined the site of this prehistoric village. The limestone 
bearing chert suitable for the manufacture of arrow-points under- 
lies the island and outcrops on its western shore within easy 
access of this site. Hammer-stones, chipped points for arrows, 
knives, spears, drills, etc., and chipped flint implements resem- 
bling small hoes were gathered here, as well as fragments of pot- 
tery and a piece of a pottery pipe. Many of the potsherds are 
neatly ornamented, some by incised designs, others by designs 
made by pressing twisted cord or twine into the clay while it was 
soft. Another important locality is the one known as Bay Port 
Village Site, from which the grooved stone hammer used for our 
illustration was taken. 
Near some of the villages hidden deposits or caches have been 
found, fourteen in all having been discovered in the Saginaw 
valley. The specimens from a number of these may be seen in 
this collection. That the quarries from which the Indians ob- 
tained their raw material have yet to be found is possibly because 
signs of them may have been obliterated by modern quarrymen 
or by the grinding of the ice or the beating of the surf against the 
lake-shore outcrops during the many years which must have 
elapsed between the time when the Indians abandoned the 
quarries and the time when the first archeologist saw the site. 
The caches seem to indicate that expeditions were made to these 
quarries and a large number of the partly finished forms were 
chipped, and that they were taken to the vicinity of the permanent 
camp and cached in the earth, where the stone would be kept 
from becoming weathered. 
Bay Port Cache.—One cross-section of a chert nodule and 
forty-seven ‘* turtle-back ’’ blank forms, constituting a cache, 
were found two feet below the surface, in the muck jungle, about 
a hundred feet from the shore of Wild Fowl Bay, and a quarter 
of a mile east of the wharf at Bay Port. The place is between 
the bay and the sand ridge on which the Bay Port village site is 
located. The specimens in the cache were found in one long 
row, overlapping one another somewhat like shingles on a roof. 
It is probable that the material of which they were made was 
obtained near the spot, since the outcrop of Subcarboniferous 
rock, which occurs for some distance along the beach westward 
from the wharf, bears concretions the material of which is similar 
