BUTTERFLIES OF THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK CITY 
the middle of May, the second late in June until early in July, and the 
third from late in July until early in September. The spring brood 
has the under surface of the hind wings and tips of the fore wings 
heavily washed with yellow, while the summer broods are entirely 
pure white. The caterpillar is pale green, covered with fine, short, 
white hairs, and has a dark green line along the back. It feeds on 
various kinds of cruciferous plants such as cabbage, turnip, radish, 
mustard and horseradish. 
8. Imported Cabbage Butterfly (Pieris rape). 
This species is an importation from Europe, and is exceedingly 
common from May until November. It may be seen everywhere, in 
gardens, pastures and other places, but especially in cabbage fields. 
It was first noticed on this continent in Quebec, Canada, about 1860, 
whence it gradually extended its range. In 1868 it was independently 
introduced at New York. Since then the butterflies have spread 
from Canada to Florida and westward to the Pacific coast. The 
caterpillar lives on all kinds of cruciferous plants, such as cabbage, 
to which it is particularly injurious, cauliflower, turnip and radish. 
9. Southern Cabbage Butterfly (Pieris protodice). 
This butterfly is white with black dashes and spots. There 
are two broods each year, the first coming out in May and June and 
the second from about July to October. The caterpillar lives on 
Io 
