BUTTERFLIES OF THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK CITY 
33. American Tortoise-Shell Butterfly (Vanessa milbertt). 
Somewhat rare in this vicinity, but common throughout the 
Northern States and Canada, and westward to the Pacific. The eggs 
are laid in masses, usually on the under side of the leaves of the 
nettle, and the caterpillars live in swarms. 
34. Mourning-Cloak Butterfly (Vanessa antiopa). 
This species hibernates in the butterfly state in sheltered places. 
It may be found under stones, stumps of trees, sticking to the rafters 
of barns or in the crevices of walls, sometimes huddled together in 
numbers, with the wings doubled together above the back, and ap- 
parently lifeless. During the first warm days of April and May the 
insects crawl forth from their winter quarters and hover about 
the sappy stumps of recently felled trees. About the middle of July the 
24 
