18 THE COLLECTION OF FOSSIL VERTEBRATES 
the liberality of Mr. Wm. C. Whitney. The Evolution of the 
South Horse is illustrated by a series of feet and skulls, and 
Alcove 3. of complete skeletons, from the little Four-Toed Horse 
=USES. of the Lower Eocene to the different varieties of the 
modern animal. The construction of the modern Horse, structure 
of the bones, the way in which the teeth grow, characters of the 
different races of domestic Horse and of the different wild species 
are shown in the end case (Case 15). 
NORTH (LEFT) SIDE. 
First come the AMBLYPODS and CONDYLARTHS. These groups 
of Primitive Hoofed Mammals are first found in the lowest Eocene 
North strata, at the very beginning of the Age of Mammals 
Alcove r. and they became extinct before the end of the Eocene 
Amblypods, epoch. Like so many other races the Amblypods begin 
oe with small hornless animals (Pantolambda) and finally 
develop into huge elephantine beasts (Uintatherium) with six 
horns on the skull, and great sabre-like tusks. The Condylarths 
were more slender types, fitted for running. The best known 
among them is Phenacodus, which is considered to represent 
very nearly the prototype of the hoofed mammals, although it 
was not the direct ancestor of the later groups. 
The second alcove is devoted to Rodents, Insectivores, Bats, 
Marsupials and other groups of small mammals, among which 
North are the ancestors of the Monkeys and Lemurs and col- 
Alcove 2, lateral ancestors of Man. Most of these remains are 
Small small. and incomplete. Here are also some very frag- 
aus mentary remains of ancient and primitive mammals 
which represent all that we know of the evolution of the mam- 
malia during the Age of Reptiles, before the Age of Mammals 
began. These teeth and jaws are of interest because they are 
the oldest of mammals, from some of which are probably de- 
scended all the later mammal groups. 
In the third alcove are the Carnivorous Mammals, on one side 
North the CREODONTs or Primitive Carnivora, on the other the 
Alcove 3. True CARNIVORA (Dogs, Cats, Bears, Martens etc.), rep- 
Carnivora. resented by a number of finely preserved mounted skele- 
tons, and a large series of skulls, together with other specimens. 
