54 PEOPLES OF THE PHILIPPINES 
ultimately to extinguish them. They are easily the 
most restless and inclined to move of all Philippine 
peoples. ‘These habits are very likely left over from the 
period when their numbers were over-concentrated in 
a small area. They and the Pangasinan approach most 
closely of all Filipinos to the specifically Mongolian 
type of body. This may seem a very natural condition 
in view of their being geographically nearest to China, 
but the proportion of Chinese now settled in the Ilokano 
and Pangasinan districts is unusually small, and there 
appear to be fewer historical records of the Chinese 
establishing themselves on these coasts than in the 
vicinity of Manila and several other parts of the islands. 
The home of the people usually called Cagayan, 
although their language is known as Ibanag, is the 
valley of the Cagayan, the greatest river in Luzon and 
the archipelago. They have yielded certain parts of their 
territory to the Ilokano. With them there must be 
included, on a broader view, the Christianized portion 
of a people whose pagan members are still reckoned 
as distinct, the Gaddang of the higher courses of the 
Cagayan. 
The Batanes, the inhabitants of the islands of the 
same name, halfway between Luzon and Formosa, 
speak a language of their own whose affiliations have 
sometimes been placed with the Ilokano and sometimes 
with Cagayan. They perhaps represent a specialized | 
offshoot of ancient Ilokano stock. 
The Isinai have maintained themselves only in three 
towns in Nueva Vizcaya. While a separate people, 
they may also be reckoned as members of the Ilokano 
group. The same, it may be remarked, can be said of 
most of the pagan mountaineers of Luzon; at least, so 
far as their speech goes. 
