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PREFACE. 
which this volume is the fourth dealing with 
primitive races. The earlier issues treat of 
restricted culture areas in North America, but the present 
volume presents the essential facts as to the racial and 
cultural characters of the Philippine Islands population. As 
will be seen in the following pages a large part of the Island 
population is Christian and far on the road to cultural 
assimilation. Neither in the Museum collections nor in this 
book do we attempt to describe the lives of these people, 
but only state their racial and historic relations to the Pagan 
and Mohammedan tribes still more or less successfully 
resisting the encroachments of European culture. As in 
most studies of this kind, the primitive peoples still surviving 
are taken as indications of what was once the prevailing cul- 
ture of the whole population. -~. 
The racial exhibits in the American Museum of Natural 
History are grouped by halls, each hall containing collections 
from one geographical area. Thus one hall is devoted to the 
people of the Philippines and the neighboring East Indian 
islands. The collection in this hall furnishes illustrations of 
many subjects treated in this book. As a part of the wall 
decoration, there are many specimens of wood native to the 
islands, suggesting the floral and economic wealth of the 
country; but within the exhibition cases are objects selected 
to represent the skill and art of the less civilized tribes. The 
bulk of the collections came from the United States exhibit 
at the St. Louis Expedition of 1904, purchased and _ pre- 
sented by Morris K. Jesup in 1905. To this were added later 
the Laura E. Benedict Bagobo collection and the Frederick 
Starr collections, purchased from the Jesup Fund. In addi- 
tion generous donations of collections were made by William 
S. Kahnweiler, H. E. Bard, Charles H. Senff, and William 
Demuth. Dean C. Worcester presented his unrivaled collec- 
tion of photographs from which were taken many of the 
accompanying illustrations. 
We are also indebted to the University of California for the 
frontispiece. The maps and drawings were prepared by 
Mr. 8. Ichikawa of the Museum staff. It may be added that 
the author, on leave of absence from the University of Cali- 
fornia, filled a temporary appointment in the Museum as 
Associate Curator in charge of the Philippine collections, 
during which interval this volume was written. 
3 
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