
THE MATERIAL SIDES OF LIFE 95 
on the whole so superficial as to possess interest only 
for the specialist. 
The large model of a house displayed in the Hall 
represents an average dwelling of the modern Christian 
native in the country districts. The uninhabited 
ground space is so heavily stockaded with bamboo as to 
give an impression of forming an integral part of the 
house, whereas in reality the single story is situated 
above it. The materials, thatching, ladder, verandah, 
windows, and shutters are representative. 
The houses of the wealthy and even of chiefs did not 
differ from those of common men except for being larger 
and better built. The increase in size was usually in 
one direction only. Thus the chief’s house, which served 
for publie gatherings and ceremonies as well as for the 
domicile of the head man’s family and retinue, was of 
nearly the usual breadth, but much longer. Such long 
houses are described in early sources for the Tagalog 
and are still used by the Bagobo. 
Rice granaries were built in many districts, -but in 
others the harvest was stored in the living house. 
Groups of dwellings were often surrounded by stockades, 
as among the Tinggian. The Moro chiefs sometimes 
went so far as to build forts of wood or heavy bamboos, 
but this practice hardly prevailed outside of the Mo- 
hammedan regions. 
Religious Structures. Other than the dwel- 
lings of their chiefs, the Filipinos seem to have known no 
public buildings, nor, strictly speaking, any edifices 
devoted to worship. The pagans sacrificed in the living 
house, under it, outdoors, or sometimes in thickets or 
groves. The practice of the now Christian nations seems 
to have been the same. Names for places of worship 
were recorded by the early missionaries in several 
dialects, but descriptions usually refer only to bowers, 
