170 PEOPLES OF THE PHILIPPINES 
this type and the preceding we are dealing with two 
forms rather widely diffused in the East Indies, and not 
with mere local developments on Philippine soil. Which 
of the two types is the 
earlier is not quite cer- 
tain ; but the indication 
is that the order of 
development was as 
here given. 
The third type is of 
entirely different shape, 
being a round target. 
This shield is in use 
among the Moros and 
is almost certainly of 
Mohammedan _intro- 
duction. In fact there 

Fig. 34. Circular Type of Shield used by : 
Mohammedans. Samal Moro. can be little doubt 
that it is a direct 
Islamic importation from Asia, where the mediaeval 
Saracen and the Persian and the Hindu have long used 
circular bucklers. It is however illuminative of the 
culture history of the Philippines that the Moro, while 
he adopted the idea of the round shield from more 
advanced nations, made it over in his own material 
and therefore in degenerate form. The Asiatic round 
shield was evolved in leather and metal, but the Filipino, 
when he took it over, fell back on wood. 
Armor and Firearms. Body armor and helmets 
were known, but have never been used to any great 
extent. Rattan helmets such as are worn in Borneo 
have not been reported from the Philippines. The early 
Spaniards mentioned body armor made of rattan or 
cotton quilting—like that worn by the modern Manobo | 
—and corselets of hard black wood. The latter were 
