212 PEOPLES OF THE PHILIPPINES 
Civilization is more complex than either population or 
speech, comprising at least half a dozen strains or 
streams of different source. 
The earliest of these culture forms is that carried by 
the Negrito on his arrival in the islands. This must have 
been excessively simple and has not been able to main- 
tain itself through several thousand years of contact 
and competition with more advanced types of civiliza- 
tion. The customs of the Negrito of today are an 
abridged copy of the customs of the other islanders. 
Only the Negrito attitude toward life, his habits as 
contrasted with his customs, his social psychology as 
distinct from the content of his social activity, seem to 
be a remnant of his aboriginal mode of life. 
Primitive Indonesian culture has also not been pre- 
served intact. Its best surviving representative is 
found among the pagan mountain inhabitants of north- 
ern Luzon; but even this culture has assimilated much 
from those that followed it. Indonesian civilization 
appears to have maintained itself with less change in 
the domain of social and familiar fabric than on the 
side of industry, invention, knowledge, and belief. 
The culture of the Malaysians who followed the 
Indonesians may at first have been very similar to that 
of the latter but has subsequently become heavily 
tinctured by absorption of elements of Indian civiliza- 
tion; or it may have been pretty well Hinduized before 
its earliest carriers reached the Philippines. A finer 
analysis than is at present possible will be needed to 
resolve this alternative. 
The Indian influences are on the whole perhaps the 
most profound that have affected Philippine civiliza- 
tion. Two circumstances are of importance regarding 
them. First, there seem to have been carried with them » 
a number of culture elements whose ultimate origin 
