MODERN PUEBLOS. 101 



uiiitod in a coininon \illage, cannot be acccpletl. If 

 those of one village only had to be explained this theory 

 might liold, but clans with similar names exist in the 

 Rio Grande Pueblos, at Zuni, and in the several Hopi 

 villages. The fact that four distinct languages are 

 spoken in these various villages adds to the difficulty 

 of accepting such an explanation. When it is re- 

 membered that such grouping into exogamous clans 

 occurs elsewhere in the world, a social rather than a 

 geographical or ethnic origin will be sought. 



Social Customs. 



The Hopi baby is first washed and dressed by its 

 paternal grandmother or by one of her sisters. On the 

 day of its birth, she makes four marks with corn meal 

 on the four walls of the room. She erases one of these 

 on the fifth, tenth, fifteenth, and twentieth day of the 

 child's hfe. On each of these days the baby and its 

 mother have their heads w^ashed with yucca suds. 

 On the twentieth day, which marks the end of the 

 lying-in period, the grandmother comes early, bathes 

 the baby and puts some corn meal to its lips. She 

 utters a prayer in which she requests that the child 

 shall reach old age and in this prayer gives it a name. 

 A few^ of the women members of the father's clan come 

 in one at a time, bathe the baby, and give it additional 

 names. After the names have been given, the paternal 

 grandmother goes with the mother and the child to the 



