130 INDIANS OF TIIK SOUTHWE&T. 



stream there is a larji;e \'alley known as Tonto Basin. 

 A tribe occupied this valley so well isolated from other 

 Apache that a dialectic difference in language w^as 

 de\'eloped. They were closely associated witli the 

 Yavapai who are Yuman in their speech. These two 

 pe()i)les were placed on the San Carlos Reservation 

 where they remained until recently. 



The Kavajo, called by the Spanish Apaches de 

 Kavajo, occupy nearly all the region between the 

 San Juan and the Little Colorado Rivers and roam far 

 beyond that territory in all directions. In language 

 they are not very different from the Western Apache, 

 but in culture they are fairly distinct. Just prior to 

 the American occupation, they were almost constantly 

 raiding the Mexican settlements of New Mexico. 

 They killed their first Indian agent and resisted Ameri- 

 can control. A large number of the tribe were taken 

 prisoners and removed to Fort Smnner on the Pecos 

 River where they were confined for some years. 



Piman. Below the Apache on the Gila and Salt 

 Rivers lived the Pima who. speak a language, of the 

 Piman stock, so named from them. They claimed the 

 Gila River from the San Pedi'o westward to its junction 

 with the Salt River near which place theii' principal 

 villages were located. They were the enemies of the 

 Apache and considerable territory between the two 

 peoples was not actually settled for that reason. South 

 of the Gila, far into Old Mexico, live the Papago 

 whcse language is closely related to that of the Pima. 

 Since they live rather on the wild products of the 



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