
MALARIA 

MALARIA 
. Malaria is an important disease 
responsible for an annual loss’ of 
$100,000,000 in the United States. 
It is caused by a protozoan parasite 
(Plasmodium), living part of its life in 
the blood of human beings, and part in 
the body of the Azopheles mosquito. 
Mosquitoes of this kind become in- 
fected by biting a malaria sufferer and 
spread the disease by subsequently biting 
healthy persons. 
‘To wipe out malaria we must cure 
cases by quinine treatment and extermi- 
nate the insect-carrier. 
To fight an enemy successfully, its 
habits must be known. ‘Those of the 
mosquito are well understood. 
Water is essential to mosquito 
breeding, for on its surface the eggs are 
laid and in it the early stages must live. 
In warm weather mosquitoes re- 
produce most rapidly. 
Our safety from malaria depends on 
the following mosquito-control measures: 
I. Prevention of mosquito breeding — 
Swamps should be drained 
by ditching. 
Overhanging grass should be 
cut from the edges of all ditches, 
streams and pools. 

An enlarged glass model of /Waso- 
dium willbe foundinW ALLCASEg, 
and CHART 18 shows its life cycle. 
A chart in the top of WALL CASE 6 
gives the points of difference between 
the malaria carrier and the common 
mosquito. The geographic distribu- 
tion of the disease and that of its 
carrier are mapped in CHART 24. 
A chart in the upper right corner of 
WALL CASE 6 shows the intimate 
relationship between the mosquito 
season and the prevalence of mosquito- 
borne disease. 
A model on the middle shelf illustrates 
the use of quinine in Panama, anda 
chart just above it indicates the reduc- 
tion of malariain Italy due to the use of 
quinine dispensed by the Government. 
A series of three jars giving the life . 
cycle of the mosquito (left) and a set 
of collecting implements used in study- 
ing its natural history are also shown 
in WALL CASE 6. 
CENTER CASE 14 (to be installed) 
will contain the reproduction of an 
actual pool in which malaria mosquitoes 
were found breeding, while a chart in 
WALLCASE 6 pictures a breeding 
place on the shore of the Nile. 
Relief maps in CENTER CASES 15 
and 16 (near the entrance to the hall) 
indicate the prevalence of malaria 
near marshlands. 
A chart in the upper left corner of 
WALL CASE 6 gives data to illustrate 
this fact. 
CHART 23 summarizes the methods 
of control. 
A special spade for digging ditches is 
shown in WALL CASE 6, while in 
CENTER CASE 15 isa relief map 
of a well-drained marsh. CHART 19 
shows a swamp before and after drain- 
age. ‘That drainage pays is proven 
by a model in CENTER CASE 16 and 
by the facts presented in CHART 20. 
In WALL CASE 7 is a model of 
a concrete ditch as constructed in 
Panama. 
In the bottom of WALL CASE 7 is 
a group showing how this is done in 
Panama. 
