PIMA, NAVAJO 23 
missionaries among them for about three centuries, they have retained 
many of their own religious ceremonies. Many objects pertaining to 
these ceremonies as well as to everyday life are shown in this alcove. 
In the last case on this side of the hall are examples of Zuftiand Acoma 
pottery. 
At the north end of the hall opposite the Zuni, space is given to an 
exhibit from the tribes of California. In the large end wall case the 
baskets of the region are arranged so as to show the various types. 
The Pima, east side of the hall, practised irrigation, raising by its aid 
f the corn and beans on which they relied for food and the 
Pima . é 
cotton which they used for their scanty garments. The 
Papago, with whom they are closely associated, occupied the more arid 
portions of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, securing their living 
from such desert products as the giant cactus, the century plant, the 
yucea and the mesquite and small game. Examples of their food, 
basketry, pottery, and ceremonial articles are shown. 
From the aisle near the Pima-Papago section one catches a glimpse 
of the home of the Hopi. This large group represents the First Mesa 
with the village of Walpi. The canvas was painted by Howard McCor- 
mick and the figures were modeled by Mahonri Young. 
The Navajo, a large and widely scattered tribe, inhabit much of the 
country drained by the San Juan and Little Colorado 
rivers. During the winter they occupy houses like sub- 
stantial log houses, but in milder weather camp with the slight shelter 
of a cliff or a windbreak and shade made of brush. They live by raising 
corn in the moist valley and on the flesh of their numerous flocks of 
sheep. 
They are the present-day blanket makers of North America. They 
make use of the wool of the sheep they raise, carding, spinning, and weav- 
ing it by means of the simplest implements and looms. This art is 
believed to have arisen since the coming of the Spanish and it is known to 
have passed through several stages in the last sixty years. The older 
types of blankets here shown contain yarn which was obtained by cutting 
or ravelling from imported flannels, called in Spanish “bayeta,”’ from 
which the blankets of this sort receive their name. These are either 
bright red or old rose in color, resulting from cochineal dye. Several 
blankets are made of yarn bought ready dyed from the traders and are 
called Germantowns. The greater number, however, contain yarn of 
native spinning, dyed with native vegetable and mineral dyes. 
The Navajo are also expert silversmiths. Their tools and samples of 
workmanship are displayed in a case in the center of the hall. 
The Western Apache live along the upper portion of the Gila and 
Navajo 
