82 MALARIA AND YELLOW FEVER 
louse. Small cases flanking the windows contain specimens of the 
Glossinas, which transmit sleeping-sickness and the 
Mosquitoes Nagana disease in Africa, and of the ticks which spread 
and Other ors Texas fever of cattle and relapsing f 
Insect Carriers LeX@S fever of cattle and relapsing fever, African fever, 
of Disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever of man. Nearby are 
shown maps indicating the area affected by the principal 
tick fever in the United States and a model of a dipping vat used in 
freeing animals from tick infestation. 
A series of models and diagrams is devoted to the life history of the 
Anopheles mosquito and its relation to malaria. A relief 
map of the State of Arkansas illustrates the coincidence 
between low swampy lands and the prevalence of malaria, 
and another shows the heavy incidence of malaria in the vicinity of 
marshlands near Boston. A small relief map indicates the type and 
arrangement of drains used for lowering the water level and eliminating 
mosquito-breeding pools, and diagrams illustrate the progress made in 
mosquito control in New Jersey and the financial return which has 
resulted. 
Mosquitoes 
and Malaria 
A wall case devoted to the natural history of the mosquito illustrates 
the world distribution and seasonal prevalence of malaria 
and yellow fever in relation to the habits of their mosquito 
hosts, the breeding-places of mosquitoes, the life history 
(shown by specimens) and the money cost of malaria to the United 
States. Here are also shown some of the practical methods of control 
by ditching, oiling, stocking with fish, and encouraging enemies such as 
the bat, bite cures, and repellents and finally the practical results in 
the reduction of malaria which have been obtained in Italy. 
A second mosquito case contains a series of small-scale models, 
attractively worked out by Otto Block, illustrating 
Mie some of the methods and results of tropical sanitation 
borne Disease aS applied to the mosquito-borne diseases, malaria and 
yellow fever. A hospital at Panama is shown as it was 
during the French regime with mosquito-breeding pools all about and 
with the legs of the beds and the flower pots set in dishes of water 
to keep off the ants. In contrast there is illustrated a modern hospital 
with all stagnant water removed, and wards screened and ventilated. 
Other models show the sanitary squads on the Isthmus which fought 
the yellow-fever mosquito in the town by fumigation, and the malarial 
mosquito in the country by ditching and oiling. The same case con- 
tains oil paintings of the completed canal and of the camp near Havana 
where the secret of the transmission of yellow fever was discovered 
and the foundations of tropical sanitation laid in 1900. Photographs 
Malaria and 
Yellow Fever 

