




THE PLEISTOCENE 
First of a series of Murals by Charles R. Knight, 
lover will also be interested in the osteological collections in the wall 
cases which show how to tell the age of horses through the growth and 
development of the teeth. 
Beyond the Horse exhibit on the left are fossils from South America, 
the most striking of which is the group of giant ground 
Hpesil sloths. There are also good examples of the Glyptodon, 
Mammals of : : : : . 
South a gigantic relative of the armadillo, of the camel-like 
America Macrauchenia, the rhinoceros-like Toxodon, and other 
strange extinct animals which evolved in South America 
during the Age of Mammals, when it was an island continent, as Aus- 
tralia is to-day. Here, too, is the great sabre-tooth tiger, one of the 
host of northern animals that invaded the southern continent upon its 
union with the northern world, and swept before them to extinction 
most of its ancient inhabitants. 
In the center of the hall is a small collection of fossil remains of man 
illustrating what is known of the prehistoric record of our own race. 
The principal exhibits on the north side of the hall are the mammoths 
and mastodons and the series of skulls showing the evolution of the 
elephant. The ‘Warren Mastodon” is a classic specimen. It was 
found near Newburgh, N.Y., in 1846, and is the finest 
specimen of its kind that has ever been discovered. Next 
to it is a fine skeleton of the mammoth; portions of skin, 
hair and other fragments of a mammoth carcass discovered in Alaska 
are also shown. While modern elephants are confined to portions of 
Asia and Africa, fossil remains of elephants and mastodons show that, 
at one time or another in the past, they were found over the greater 
part of the northern hemisphere. 
The skeleton of an African elephant, the once famous Jumbo, whose 
name has been embodied in the English language as a term for any- 
thing unusually large, is shown for comparison with its 
extinct relatives. 
[See Handbook No. 4, Animals of the Past, and Guide Leaf No. 43, 
Mammoths and Mastodons.] 
Warren 
Mastodon 
Jumbo 
100 
