SKINNER, INDIANS OF MANHATTAN ISLAND 27 



Pipes. Stone pipes, invariably made of steatite, are very rare. Four 

 types have been noted as follows: 



1. Monitor or platform pipe, platform not projecting before the bowl. 



2. Monitor or platform pipe, platform projecting before bowl, with or 



without tiny carved stem or mouthpiece. Of the latter, one speci- 

 men is known. 



3. Trumpet-shaped stone pipe. 



-4. Rectangular stone pipe, human face carved on front of bowl. 



It may be remarked that more stone pipes have been reported from the 

 Indian cemetery at Burial Ridge, Tottenville, Staten Island, than from all 

 the rest of the area put together. The second and third types are repre- 

 sented by one specimen each from Burial Ridge and from nowhere else in 

 this region. Four or five pipes of the first class have been found there as 

 well. The last class is represented by a single specimen obtained by Mr. 

 W. L. Calver at Inwood, Manhattan Island. Undoubtedly the clay pipe 

 was the most common form used in this locality. 



Steatite Vessels. These are not at all abundant, though occurring almost 

 everywhere. They were doubtless all imported from New England, as there 

 are no steatite quarries within the range of the New York Coastal Algonkin. 

 The single form found is that common in the east, an oblong, fairly deep 

 vessel with a lug, ear or handle at each end (Fig. 14j). Occasionally, such 

 vessels are ornamented by rude incisions along the rim. 



Articles of Clay. 



Pottery Pipes are common everywhere. They are usually manufactured 

 of a better quality of clay than that used for vessels, and bear fairly similar 

 designs. They are susceptible of division into the following classes: 



1. Straight pipe, bowl expanding slightly. 



2. Bowl much larger than stem, leaving it at an angle of forty-five 



degrees. Stem round. 



3. Same as number 2, but stem angular and much flattened. 



4. Effigy pipes, (represented by a pottery human head apparently 

 broken from a pipe bowl, obtained by Mr. M. R. Harrington at Port 

 Washington, Long Island). 



The straight pipe seems to have been obtained only on Staten Island on 

 the north shore in the region occupied by the Hackensack. While nowhere 

 as abundant as upon the Iroquoian sites of central and western Xew York, the 

 clay pipe is rather common and is a prominent feature in the coast culture of 

 Xew York (Fig. loa). It is more abundant perhaps in the southern part 



