A N TA R C Tl C EX PL OR A TI ONS 



JEAN CHARCOT 



French Antarctic Expedition, 1908-1910 



Pourquoi Pas 



During his second expedition Dr. Charcot passed south of the 

 Palmer Archipelago, discovered Adelaide Island and sighted points 

 on the Antarctic Continent named Loubet, Fallieres and Charcot 

 Lands, perhaps continuations of Graham Land. He sailed westward 

 along the ice-front to long. 128° 20' W. 



The party conducted scientific studies of a varied nature. Two 

 antarctic flowering plants were found in bloom on the southeastern 

 extremity of Adelaide Island. Meteorologic and oceanographic 

 observations were made at various places. The work of the 

 Fraticaise was amplified and extended in every direction. On Feb- 

 ruary 11, 1910, the expedition reached Punta Arenas. 



ROALD AMUNDSEN 

 Norwegian South Polar Expedition, 1910-1911 



From 



Captain Amundsen left Norway on August 9, 1910, on Nansen's 

 well-known ship the Fram, with provisions for two years and ninety- 

 seven dogs. The ship arrived at the Bay of Whales, Ross Barrier, on 

 January 14, 1911. 



Winter quarters were constructed on the barrier two nautical 

 miles from the ice-margin and called "Framheim." 



From February 10 to April 11, 75,000 pounds of provisions were 

 distributed at three depots, lat. 80°, 81° and 82° S. The sun dis- 

 appeared on April 21 and returned on August 24. On October 20 

 the weather was favorable and a start was made for the South Pole 

 along the 164th meridian of west longitude. Ross Barrier proved 

 to be comparatively smooth to lat. 86 c S. and long. 163° W. At this 

 point an east-northeastern range meets the mountains of South 

 Victoria Land. The main depot was established at the foot of the 

 mountains on Ross Barrier, lat. 85° S., long. 165° W. The course 

 of the party from the low Ross Barrier to the high Haakon VII. 

 Plateau, 10,000 feet above the sea, was over the long, crevassed 

 Devil's Glacier. 



On December 6, the party reached the maximum height of the 

 plateau, 10,750 feet. The surface remained level to lat. 88° 25', 

 where it began to slope down to the polar area. On December 11, 

 the party arrived at lat. 89°, a region where perfectly fine weather 



