A BRIEF HISTORY OF ANTARCTIC 

 EXPLORATION 



INTRODUCTION 



The chart (which is a section of the Globe) is designed 

 to illustrate our present knowledge of the geography of the 

 Antarctic regions, and to indicate the courses taken by the 

 principal Antarctic explorers. 



The visitor is supposed to be looking down upon the 

 South Pole, and therefore the area of his horizon extends 

 in all directions toward the north, reaching beyond the 

 Antarctic Circle [66° 30' south, drawn in red] to the parallel 

 of 6o° south. It is a relatively small portion of the earth's 

 surface, as will be seen by examining the small globe. 



Since a degree of latitude measures about 70 miles,' 

 the concentric circles representing parallels (which are 5 

 apart) are about 350 miles from one to another. 



It is about 2,100 miles from the margin of the chart to 

 the center, or from the parallel of 60 ° to the South Pole. 



Meridians, drawn every io° apart, intersect at the Pole. 

 The meridian of Greenwich, indicated by three parallel 

 lines, lies vertically. 



The degrees of longitude are indicated along the margin, 

 and the degrees of latitude are indicated by numerals placed 

 on the respective parallels. 



More readily to understand the historical description, 

 it will be worth while for the visitor to remember 



1 Throughout this Leaflet distances are expressed in "statute" miles, a statute mile being about 

 six-sevenths as long as a geographical or nautical mile. 



