ANTARCTIC EX PL OR A TION 



considerable land between New Zealand and Cape Horn. 

 He again entered the area here represented at about 1 20 ° W., 

 crossed the Antarctic Circle for the third time, in January, 

 1774, near 110 W., and made his farthest south (7i°io'), 

 a record that was not broken for half a century. It was 

 here that he saw the solid ice like a ridge of mountains. 

 Cook then sailed north in search of alleged Land (Juan 

 Fernandez), which he proved not to exist, and the tired 

 party then spent the winter in the South Pacific. 



On the return of the Antarctic spring, November, 1774, 

 Cook left New Zealand and renewed his efforts. He took 

 an easterly course near the 55th parallel until he reached 

 the islands of Tierra del Fuego. He then rounded Cape 

 Horn and, having proved the non-existence of a continent 

 in the South Pacific, began his search for the "Continent 

 of the South Atlantic" — if such should exist. He discovered 

 South Georgia, near the 40th meridian of west longitude, 

 but not sufficiently south to be shown on this chart. This 

 was the first typical Antarctic land that he had found. 

 He then barely crossed the 60th parallel, discovered the 

 Sandwich group (examine smaller globe), which, surrounded 

 by fields of ice, he felt might be a part of the "Southern 

 Land." Cook then left the area of this map, sailed north- 

 easterly, shaping his course for Cape Town, and thence to 

 England, where he ended his extraordinary voyage. It is 

 noteworthy that Cook, the first successful Antarctic explorer, 

 not only circumnavigated the Antarctic regions, but proved 

 the non-existence of any extensive Antarctic land mass ex- 

 tending north of the Antarctic Circle. 



1775-1819 



From the time of Cook's voyage, 1775, this region 

 remained unexplored and practically unvisited for a period 

 of more than forty years, although it is true that at the 



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